Santa Margarida de Bianya (Church)
Santa Margarida de Bianya is a modified Romanesque church in the hamlet of the same name belonging to the municipality of " La Vall de Bianya " in the Catalan province of Girona in Spain .
history
The church is first mentioned in 858, when it was given to the monastery of Santa Maria de Riudaura by Count Guifre the Hairy ( Guifre el Pilós ) of Besalu. In 953, Count Sunyer of Barcelona, the son of Count Guifre, handed over the Riudaura monastery together with the church to the French monastery of Sainte-Marie de Lagrasse . From the 13th century the church belonged to the monastery of Sant Joan les Fonts until it was annexed by the crown in 1357. The church has had three altars since the 14th century. The main altar, the Mother of God altar of the Virgin Mary and the altar of John and Paul. Although the church was badly affected by an earthquake in the 15th century , it was able to retain a large part of its Romanesque substance. Since the beginning of the 16th century, the church has had the relic of the belt or the "Zingulum of Santa Margarida" which is still venerated today. In the 17th century the altar was consecrated by John and Paul on Isidore of Madrid . In 1936 at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War the church burned down. Baroque altarpieces and other works of art were lost. Today some gold and silver liturgical objects from the old parish, such as chalices and monstrances, are shown in the church.
Architectural structure
Today's church was built as a single-nave building with a transept in the Romanesque style of the 12th century. On the north side, a small apse chapel from a previous building from the 10th century was integrated into the building. Apparently there was a second apse chapel, which was dismantled in the 18th century in order to set up the sacristy in its place. The top of the church forms a head building consisting of three semicircular naves. The central nave has a pointed arch vault that rests on large console-supported fighters. Most of the consoles are smooth and unadorned, with the exception of a few that have a formal decoration. The arch that separates the nave from the main apse looks like a piece cut from a sphere and is supported on both sides on pillars on the wall. The fighters pull themselves from the apse through the central nave. On the south side of the church there is a very original entrance portal, the upper part of which is walled up. The current, neoclassical entrance, furnished in 1855, is on the west side of the building. The building's bell tower with openings on all four sides is built on Romanesque masonry.
literature
- Josep Murlà i Giralt; Nicolau Gironès i Casanovas: Guia del romanic de La Garrotxa . Alzamora, Olot 1983, OCLC 434851504 . Page 190 f., There the article "Santa Margarida de Bianya"
- Enciclopèdia Catalana, Gran Geografia Comarcal de Catalunya, Volume 3, 1st edition, Barcelona 1981, ISBN 84-85194-17-9 (Volume 3), chapter "La Vall de Bianya", p. 366 f., There from p. 368 a short discussion of the church "Santa Margarida de Bianya"
Web links
- Santa Margarida de Bianya Church on gencat.cat (in Catalan)
- Santa Margarida de Bianya Church on cataloniasacra.cat (in Catalan)
- Santa Margarida de Bianya Church on catalunyamedieval.es (in Catalan)
Coordinates: 42 ° 12 '27.3 " N , 2 ° 26' 40.7" E