Circuit

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Circuit indicates the operation of switching elements that are associated with the activation or inhibition of operations by certain circuits . For example, the gearshift is connected to the transmission as a manually operated shifting element in vehicles . The word circuit is used in the following technical terms:

The term circuit is used as an independent term in neurophysiology , for example . (a) It is not used in DIN standards for electrical engineering . In the International Electrotechnical Dictionary , too , the word circuit only appears completely hidden (and not in one of the relevant chapters). Common expressions instead of circuit are circuit , control loop, or circuit . The word component “circle” indicates a self-contained system in the sense of feedback . (b) According to neuron theory , nerve cells or groups of nerve cells can take over the function of switching elements.

To separate the circuit from the control circuit

The German word "switch" means - especially in its combination with "switch and walten" in etymological terms "freely proceed with something". This is followed by the much more common electrotechnical use of “switch”. This "free procedure" includes the inclusion of a person acting at his own discretion in the circuit. The inclusion of free acting people in the system of the circuit has been called bionics . This seeks to solve technical problems based on the model of biological functions. But also the diverse support provided by technology for people, for example in the field of prostheses or biotechnology, is part of this science. Bionics has gained scientific importance for verifying theories through computer simulation methods , see for example the concept of synapse weights .

In contrast, the control loop is to be understood as an automatically running event in the sense of a closed, purely technical "cycle". Although this can be influenced by the manipulated variables , the system in principle remains stable even without such influence.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b Robert F. Schmidt (Ed.): Outline of Neurophysiology . 3rd edition, Springer, Berlin 1979, ISBN 3-540-07827-4 : (a) pp. 113–115 on Stw. “Schaltkreis, hemmender”; (b) pp. 113–116, 217 on head. “Feedback”.

  2. Helmut Ferner : Anatomy of the nervous system and the human sense organs. 2nd edition, Reinhardt, Munich 1964; P. 34 ff. On taxation “Neuron Theory”.
  3. ^ Günther Drosdowski: Etymology . Dictionary of origin of the German language; The history of German words and foreign words from their origins to the present. 2nd Edition. Dudenverlag, Volume 7, Mannheim 1997, ISBN 3-411-20907-0 ; P. 621 to "switch" in Lemma "switch".
  4. Brockhaus, FA: Brockhaus Encyclopedia. The big foreign dictionary . 19th edition, Brockhaus Leipzig, Mannheim 2001, ISBN 3-7653-1270-3 ; P. 202 f. to head of "Bionics".
  5. Manfred Spitzer : Spirit in the net , models for learning, thinking and acting. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg 1996, ISBN 3-8274-0109-7 ; Pp. 21 ff., 29, 31 ff., 45 ff., 57, 220 on "Synapses weight" ..
  6. Hans Herbert Schulze : The Rororo Computer Lexicon . Rowohlt, Reinbek near Hamburg 1988, ISBN 3-499-18105-3 ; P. 432 to Lemma "control loop".