Separation room

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The separating room was a room in which ores were prepared for further processing in early mining . It was usually located in a separate building, the Scheidehaus, also known as the Scheidekaue, near the rash point. The divorce boys worked in the divorce room .

Structure, dimensions and requirements

The separating house was laid out in such a way that the long side of the building was oriented in a southerly and possibly in a westerly direction. If the local conditions allowed, the floor of the separating room was lower than the breaking point so that the ores could be rolled into the separating house. Depending on the mine , the separator was 30 feet long and 24 feet wide. The building was two-story, the upper attic could be reached via an internal staircase. On the south side of the building, several windows were built into the wall in order to provide the workplaces in the cutting room with enough daylight. Further windows were installed on the west side. If necessary, several windows were also installed on the east side. In order to make better use of the daylight, the windows used for the separation room could not be chosen too small. Wire screens were attached in front of the windows to protect them from flying stone fragments. The door was on another side of the room. The cutting room had to be large enough to offer enough space for all work. A certain minimum height was necessary so that the dust that was blown up when the ores were separated did not pollute the air too much. The open door or fans installed in the windows ensured good ventilation of the room. In order to be able to work in the cutting room in the winter months, the room had to be heated. This requirement was only met in the Upper Harz mining industry in the first half of the 19th century.

Interior

In the separation room there were initially the separation benches . These were mounted under the respective windows in such a way that a maximum of two dividing points were supplied with daylight from one window. No bench was mounted on the wall where the door was located. In the middle of the parting room was a long table on which the parting aisles could be thrown. In order to be able to heat the cutting room in the winter months, a stove was built into it . The tools , hammers and slicing hammers that were needed for the respective work were located at the individual workplaces . There were several baskets at the workplaces of the separating bank to collect the processed ores. Baskets or barrels were also provided for the dead rock.

Use of the premises

The ores were separated in the separating room. For this purpose, water was first poured over the cross-ducts that fell on the table to remove the dust. Then they were distributed to the individual divorced boys accordingly . In some divorce rooms up to 36 divorce boys sometimes work. After they had been distributed, the parting aisles were first carried to the parting bench by a worker. There the ore chunks were smashed and the dead rock cut off. In addition, in the case of mixed ores, the individual ore types were collected separately from one another and sorted. In order to store the prepared ores for further processing, each separating room had one or more ore chambers at the rear of the building.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Adolph Lefoinne, August Gillon (ed.), Carl Hartmann: Lectures on general metallurgy held at the Berg- und Gewerbsschule zu Liège. Published by Wolfgang Gerhard, Leipzig 1860, pp. 23–26.
  2. ↑ a b c Franz Ludwig Canerinus: Instructions for the art of cutting or processing minerals. Andreean Buchhandlung, Frankfurt am Main 1782, pp. 16-17.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Moritz Ferdinand Gaetzschmann: The preparation. First volume, published by Arthur Felix, Leipzig 1864, pp. 75–87.
  4. ^ A b Carl Hartmann: Vademecum for the practical miner and smelter. First volume Bergwerksbetrieb, published by Richard Neumeister, Leipzig 1859, pp. 314–318.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i P. Ritter von Rittinger: Textbook of the processing customer. Verlag von Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1867, pp. 14–15.
  6. ↑ Christian Ernst Stifft: Attempt to provide instructions for the preparation of ores. bey Johann Christian Krieger, Marburg and Cassel 1818, pp. 55–57.
  7. ↑ Explanatory dictionary of the technical terms and foreign words that occur in mining in metallurgy and in salt works and technical articulations that occur in salt works. Falkenberg'schen Buchhandlung publishing house, Burgsteinfurt 1869.
  8. ^ Carl Hartmann: Concise dictionary of mineralogy, mining, metallurgy and salt works, mineralogy and geognosy. First volume A to F, Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Weimar 1859, pp. 71–73.
  9. ^ Karl Karmasch, Friedrich Heeren: Technical dictionary or handbook of industrial studies. In alphabetical order, first volume A - G, published by Gottlieb Haase Sons, Prague 1843, pp. 245–246.