Frohsdorf Castle
The Frohsdorf Castle is a castle-like facility in Lanzenkirchen in Lower Austria . The representative two-and-a-half-storey four-wing building is surrounded by the remains of a moat. The baroque garden, including a theater building, and the landscape park document the aristocratic gardening culture of the 18th and 19th centuries despite several redesigns. The facility including the farm buildings is under monument protection ( list entry ).
history
The place was mentioned in a document in 1158 as Chrotendorf ( Krötendorf ) and belonged to Göttweig Abbey until 1403 . The Krotenhof , a predecessor of the palace, was sold to Matthias Teufel in 1514, and the Turks burned the courtyard down in 1529. Under Christoph Teufel (* in Frohsdorf ; † 1570), the remnants of the Krotenhof were converted into a reinforced renaissance castle from 1547–1550. Teufel was later appointed to the Lower Austrian knighthood.
Around 1600 the castle came into the possession of the Hoyos family , under Johann Balthasar jun. Hoyos, the baroque garden theater ( Lage ), documented in 1661, was built and the complex was fortified in 1663 with palisades, moats and Spanish horsemen . Nevertheless, the castle was devastated again in 1683 during the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna . From 1706 to 1718 the palace was redesigned in the baroque style under Ernst Ludwig Hoyos. At the end of the 18th century the building was given a classical facade and the landscape park was created. In 1809 the castle was occupied and looted by the French army.
In 1817 Caroline Murat , Napoléon's sister, bought the castle estate at a high price. The ex-Queen of Naples called herself “Countess of Lipona” in exile and lived in the castle with her second husband, General Macdonald. In 1828 it was bought by Alexander Ritter von Yermoloff , a retired Russian general.
In 1839, the court minister of King Charles X of France and convinced the royalist, Duke Pierre-Louis de Blacas d'Aulps , to buy the estate. He bequeathed it in 1844 to the French pretender Henri d'Artois , Duke of Bordeaux and Count of Chambord. He presented it to his aunt Marie Thérèse Charlotte de Bourbon , Duchess of Angoulême, the eldest daughter of Louis XVI , who was widowed in the same year . of France and Marie Antoinettes of Austria, and obtained it after their death in 1851. He was the last exiled head of the main French line of the Bourbons and the candidate for the throne of the legitimist party in France. He had the palace chapel refurbished. In 1873 there was a historic meeting at the castle between him and his distant cousin Louis Philippe Albert d'Orléans, comte de Paris , grandson of the last French king, Louis Philip and pretender of the Orléanists . The attempt to achieve a balance between the two Bourbon lines failed, however, because of Henri's legitimist attitude, which helped to prevent the intended re-establishment of the monarchy in France. In 1886 Don Jaime von Bourbon , Duke of Madrid, Infante of Spain, inherited the castle (along with the French legitimist claims to the throne). He was followed in 1931 by his sister, Princess Beatrice Massimo . In 1941 she handed the building over to the Deutsche Reichspost , but kept the remnants (300 hectares of forest) with the hunting lodge, which her daughter Blanca Wurmbrand-Stuppach née. Massimo inherited.
In 1945 the castle was confiscated as German property and devastated by the Soviet occupying forces. In 1955 it was handed over to the Austrian postal administration and restored between 1961 and 1968. In 1970 part of the roof structure burned down, the roof was then restored. In 2004, Frohsdorf Palace finally came into the possession of Christian Baha .
literature
- Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria . Lower Austria south of the Danube. Part 1, A to L. Berger Verlag, Horn / Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-85028-364-X , p. 459-461 .
- Georg Clam Martinic : Austrian Castle Lexicon. Palaces, castles and ruins. A & M, Salzburg 2007, ISBN 3-902397-50-0 , p. 122.
- Ralf Gröninger: Report on building research in Schloss Frohsdorf (Lower Austria). Frankfurt a. M. 2009 ( online ).
- Laurin Luchner: Castles in Austria. First volume. Vienna, Lower Austria, Burgenland. CH Beck, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-406-04507-3 , p. 288.
- Hilmar Schmitt, Karl Heinz Ritschel: Austria, palaces, castles, monasteries. Ringier, Munich / Zurich 1981, ISBN 3-85859-148-3 , p. 113.
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-218-00288-5 , pp. 174-175.
Web links
- Chronology of Frohsdorf Castle
- Entry via Schloss Frohsdorf to Burgen-Austria
Individual evidence
- ^ History of Schloss Frohsdorf
- ↑ der Standard , accessed on December 3, 2016
Coordinates: 47 ° 44 ′ 41.3 " N , 16 ° 15 ′ 20.1" E