Caroline Bonaparte
Caroline Bonaparte (born March 25, 1782 in Ajaccio , Corsica , † May 18, 1839 in Florence ), actually Maria Annunziata Carolina Buonaparte, was Queen of Naples and the youngest sister of Napoléon Bonaparte .
Life
She went to France with her family in 1793 . There she fell in love with General Joachim Murat , whom she married in 1800.
Ambitious and power-hungry like her brother, she became Grand Duchess of Cleve and Berg in 1806 and Queen of Naples in 1808 (through the appointment of her husband, at her instigation) . Caroline knew how to bind important statesmen to her; so were Junot , Talleyrand and Fouché among their friends.
The birth of Napoleon II destroyed her hope that her eldest son, Napoléon Achille Murat, could succeed her brother. So she allied herself with Napoleon's enemy, Clemens von Metternich , who tried in vain to save Murat's throne after the reign of the hundred days . When Murat himself attempted a failed restoration in the Kingdom of Naples-Sicily, he was shot dead on October 13, 1815 in Pizzo in Calabria on the orders of the Bourbon King Ferdinand IV . She fled to Austria (where she acquired Frohsdorf Castle in 1817 ) and then lived as the "Countess of Lipona" ( anagram of Napoli) in the Villa Campo Marzo near Trieste and in Florence.
In 1830 she married General Francesco Macdonald (1777-1837), who had been Murat's Minister of War in Naples in 1814/15. She died on May 18, 1839 in Florence; her grave is in the local Ognissanti Church .
progeny
- Napoléon Achille Murat (1801–1847), ⚭ 1826 Catherine Willis
- Marie Laetitia Josephine Annonciade Murat (1802–1859), ⚭ 1823 Marchese Guido-Taddeo Pepoli
- Napoléon Lucien Murat (1803–1878), ⚭ 1831 Caroline Georgina Fraser, with whom he had five children
- Louise Julie Murat (1805–1889), ⚭ Conte Giulio Rasponi
literature
- Joseph Turquan: Caroline, in Camille Jullian, Michel Bourdet-Pléville, Turquan, Eric Feldt: Historical Anthology (untitled). Le Cercle historia, Paris 1965, pp. 275–417 (With numerous contemporary illustrations, in French. Frequently published as single prints; first Tallandier, Paris 1954; most recently Les Soeurs de Napoleon; Les Princesses ... Rarebooksclub, 2012 ISBN 1235055973. Also available as an Amazon Kindle edition.)
In film and television
In the miniseries Napoleon by Yves Simoneau Caroline Bonaparte by Marie Bäumer played.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lipona . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 10, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 818.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bonaparte, Caroline |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Maria Nunziata Carolina Buonaparte |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Sister of Napoléon Bonaparte , Queen of Naples |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 25, 1782 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ajaccio , Corsica |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 18, 1839 |
| Place of death | Florence |