Schwörhaus (Schwäbisch Gmünd)
The Schwörhaus (often also Schmalzgrube , rarely Visierhaus ) is one of the last surviving Renaissance buildings in Schwäbisch Gmünd .
Designations
The building is listed under several names. The rarest is the Visierhaus and goes back to its early use as the Visierhaus , a public office that dealt with determining the amount of liquid and collecting the wine tax .
The name lard pit goes back to the use of the vault on the ground floor, where there were municipal storerooms next to the granary and where lard was weighed out. This name is still common among the population and was the main name for the building until the middle of the second half of the 20th century. From 1831 to 1886 the adjacent street also bore this name.
The term Schwörhaus was a nickname for the house from an early age. Since 1343 it has been documented that on Laurentius Day , in the late Middle Ages on Georgi Day , the citizens swore by the mayor. This has been done at this point since 1529, initially in the previous building. After 1802, with the transition of the imperial city to Württemberg , this action became superfluous. The name Schwörhaus was re-established for this building in the second half of the 20th century, but only very slowly caught on in the population.
history
In 1380 the Königsbronn monastery bought the Königsbronner Hof , the previous building at this point, which was sold to the city in 1465. In 1589 this building burned down due to the carelessness of the visor and his clerk, whereupon the new building under Leonard Völkle and Kaspar Vogt the Elder in 1591 . Ä., Father of Kaspar Vogt , was created. In addition to being used as a visor, oath and warehouse, a prison was set up. From 1756, the neighboring Gmünder Franciscans opened a grammar school in the house, and the large hall also became the municipal theater, which was housed there until the late 19th century. The grammar school survived the secularization and later became the model school of the Gmünder teachers' college . As in the Fuggerei , a rifle factory was temporarily housed in this building on the ground floor.
When the engraving school was housed in the building in 1828 , the hall was divided, and in 1864 another entrance was created for the theater. From 1888 to 1918 one hall of the building served as a synagogue , and the fire department was also housed in the building. In 1920 more extensive renovation work was carried out, including adding another staircase and partially removing the roof. The commercial vocational school was later housed there.
In 1976, most of the partition walls in the large hall were removed during restoration work. To this day, the building serves as a school for the municipal music school, which was re-established in 1971 .
literature
- Klaus Graf : Two contributions to the topography of the imperial city Schwäbisch Gmünd (I. The market peace district, II. The monastery courtyards) . In: Gmünder Studien 4 (1993), pp. 7-41 ( doi : 10.11588 / artdok.00001506 ).
- Richard Strobel: The art monuments of the city of Schwäbisch Gmünd. Volume 3: Secular buildings of the old town without city fortifications . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-422-00570-6 , pp. 193-204.
- Theo Zanek: Gmünder houses and stories , Einhornverlag, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1997, ISBN 3-927654-56-6 , pp. 37-40.
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 48 ′ 0.8 ″ N , 9 ° 47 ′ 59.8 ″ E