School district
A school district ( German "school district" ) in the United States is the intercommunal cooperation between at least two school authorities for the joint establishment and management of one or more schools .
General
As authorities come for the establishment of school districts below the level of a state's municipalities ( English municipalities ), counties or townships into consideration. "Municipalities" purpose associations (In addition to these original forms can English special-purpose districts ) or "school districts" join together. The "school districts" are thus a form of the "special-purpose district". They are similar in form and purpose to the German school association .
You can group one or more types of schools , including high school, into a school district.
Legal issues
The ability to establish school districts must be anchored in the state's constitution. School districts are a government agency ( English public agency ) has its own legal personality with active and passive legitimacy and have bodies ( Executive Board , Supervisory Board and General Assembly ), recruited from the founding communities. They are formed according to the law of the state in which they are located. Depending on the state, they can span two or more counties. School districts make their decisions independently of the city administrations of the member municipalities, even if the constitutions of the states are very different.
Finances
School districts are financed by school fees and / or assessments of member municipalities and may for financing and bonds ( English general obligation bonds ) emit . As a “municipality”, school districts are subject to Chapter 9 of the Bankrupty Code and can become insolvent , although no liquidation is planned , but restructuring . One of the first bankruptcies was in the School District of Union City (California) in 1899 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Kathryn A. Foster, The Political Economy of Special-Purpose Government , 1997, p. 79
- ^ Fletcher Harper Swift, European Policies of Financing Public Educational Institutions , 1939, p. 356
- ^ National Center for Statistics (Ed.), Characteristics of schools, districts, teachers, principals, and school Libraries in the United States , 2006, p. 207
- ↑ John Constantine Bollens, Special District Governments in the United States , 1957, p.1
- ↑ US Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (Ed.), State laws governing local government structure and administration , March 1993, p. 7
- ^ National Commission on School District Reorganization (Ed.), Your School District , 1948, pp. 49 ff.
