School association
The school association (also school purpose association ) is a special purpose association to which several municipalities can join together as previous school authorities .
General
Not every small community has to maintain its own schools, because their establishment and school administration can overwhelm the community's finances and risk-bearing capacity . Rather, several neighboring communities can join forces within the framework of inter-municipal cooperation in order to function as a single school authority. A public law contract between the interested municipalities is required . With this contract, the school association becomes the new school authority. In this way, one or more types of school up to and including grammar school can be combined into a school association.
Historical forerunners of today's school associations were called school communities in Germany .
Legal issues
The admissibility of school associations results from the school laws , which are part of state law . For Schleswig-Holstein, for example, the school association is regulated in Section 56 (1) SchulG. Similar regulations can be found in
- North Rhine-Westphalia : “Municipalities and municipal associations can join together or be joined together to form school associations as special purpose associations in accordance with the law on municipal community work. You can also transfer the tasks of the school authority to a municipality by means of an agreement under public law. The authority of the supervisory authority is exercised by the school supervisory authority in agreement with the municipal supervisory authority ”(Section 78, Paragraph 8 of the North Rhine-Westphalian School Act).
- Brandenburg : “School authorities can join together to form school associations as special purpose associations or transfer the school authority to another school authority on the basis of an agreement under public law. As a rule, school associations should be formed from neighboring municipalities in the same district and should not maintain their own administration ”(Section 101 BgbSchulG).
- Saarland : “School authorities can join together to form school associations as special purpose associations or transfer the school authority to another school authority based on a public-law agreement. As a rule, school associations should be formed from neighboring municipalities in the same district and should not have their own administration ”(Section 39 SchoG).
- example
Excerpt from the statutes of the North Eifel School Association of May 21, 2013 between the municipalities of Hürtgenwald (school authority for a secondary and a secondary school), Simmerath (secondary school) and Monschau (secondary school and grammar school):
„Präambel: Ziel des Schulzweckverbandes ist die organisatorische Bündelung des Schulangebots im weiterführenden Bereich.“
As a rule, the board of the school association (formerly known as the school board ) is made up of either strictly parity or proportionally according to the size and importance of the individual communities involved.
economic aspects
School associations can compensate for fluctuating numbers of pupils more than a single school. The herein-Expression composite effect has economies of scale , cost savings and synergies result and can lead to the financial strength of individual communities less stressed and their financial risks are reduced. School associations are financed through contributions from their member communities.
