Levitation melting process
The flash smelting process ( English smelting Flash ) or Outokumpu method is a widely used fusion . It is mainly used to extract copper , but also nickel .
The process was developed by the Finnish company Outokumpu in Harjavalta in 1949 at a time of fuel shortage . It was continuously improved over the next few decades.
functionality
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The sulfidic ore concentrate is preheated with a hot air and melted into copper matte. A water cooling system caused a long service life of the furnace. The cooling elements can be exchanged during operation.
The copper stone (a mixture of copper and iron sulfides with 65% Cu) has to be converted into blister copper in a converter by blowing air into it. However, work is being done to reduce copper directly to blister copper using the levitation melting process. Such processes are already in use in Glogau and Olympic Dam .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Ilkka V. Kojo, Ari Jokilaakso, Pekka Hanniala: Flash smelting and converting furnaces: A 50 year retrospect . In: JOM . tape 52 , no. 2 , February 1, 2000, p. 57-61 , doi : 10.1007 / s11837-000-0049-5 ( unalmed.edu.co [PDF]).
- ↑ Martin Bertau, Armin Müller et al .: Industrial Inorganic Chemistry . 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2013, ISBN 978-3-527-64958-7 ( Google Books ).