Severely disabled
Severely disabled is a term used to describe people with a severe disability . In 2017 there were around 7.8 million severely disabled people in Germany, which corresponds to 9.4 percent of the total population. More than 75 percent of the severely disabled are over 55 years old.
Germany
definition
According to Section 2, Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Book IX of the Social Code, people are severely disabled if their physical function, mental ability or mental health are more than likely to deviate from the state typical of their age for more than six months and their participation in society is therefore impaired and if they have a degree of disability (GdB) of at least 50. The degree of disability, not to be confused with “ reduced earning capacity ” (MdE), is determined on application by the authorities responsible under state law , which may issue the severely handicapped ID card .
Protection and Promotion
Severely disabled people enjoy special protection and support in working life. According to the law to combat unemployment of the severely disabled of September 27, 2000, employers with more than 20 jobs must provide at least five percent of these for the severely disabled. Otherwise, a monthly equalization levy of up to EUR 290 (as of 2012) must be paid for each severely disabled person who is not employed.
Severely disabled people also have special protection against dismissal, tax advantages (in particular the flat-rate allowance for disabled people ), and, in the case of particularly severe disabilities, discounts on public transport and, on request, a reduction in the license fee . The legal basis is SGB IX .
In 2009 there was great progress towards the right to care for the severely disabled in their homes with sufficient funding. In the IHP3, manual for individual assistance planning, of the Rhineland Regional Association , a cross-agency personal budget for severely disabled people was defined. This guarantees specific help planning for at home - and not just in the home.
The IHP3 is based on the guidelines of the updated SGB from 2009. In May 2001, the World Health Organization (WHO) passed the right to independent living for the severely disabled. This right is enforceable before the UN. After ratification (2008) in 2009, it was incorporated into the German Social Code (SGB) in European and German legislation.
Changes
In May 2010, the social medicine specialist Dieter Schneider published a study based on data from the State Statistical Office of North Rhine-Westphalia and describes how the recognition of severe disabilities has changed after the closure of the central pension offices in 2008. Schneider: "The dissolution of the pension offices leads to an unequal treatment of disabled people in NRW". Apparently, some financially weak municipalities have recognized fewer severe disabilities since 2008 than before the reform. For example, the number in Duisburg fell by 6.5 percent.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics on severely disabled people.Retrieved on September 21, 2019.
- ↑ SGB in 2009 - Law changes for a self-determined life for the severely disabled. September 8, 2011. ( tv-orange.de ( Memento from February 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ))
- ↑ Social medicine: "Dissolution of the pension offices causes unequal treatment of disabled people". In: Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung. May 17, 2010. (presseportal.de)