Sclerotium delphinii
| Sclerotium delphinii | ||||||||||||
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With sclerotium delphinii infected Hosta ( Hosta ) with visible sclerotia |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sclerotium delphinii | ||||||||||||
| What |
Sclerotium delphinii is a cosmopolitan species of the mushroom-like (Agaricales). The species is a major pest to plants.
features
From the non-flaky, rope-like mycelium , two to five millimeters long and between 0.5 and three millimeters thick white fruit stalks grow out of the substrate . These stems consist of parallel mycelium threads and thicken in a spherical shape at the top. Then the ball grows stronger into the sides than vertically and forms the sclerotium . Initially without a regular surface, a smooth surface about 30 micrometers thick forms from irregular cells that are very dense. If the sclerotium exceeds 1.5 millimeters in diameter, slightly differently colored areas develop, around 540 micrometers in diameter, which secrete fluid. The color darkens to light yellow-brown, then yellow-brown, to hay-colored.
The size of the sclerotium varies considerably, averaging 2.18 millimeters and a maximum of 5.18 millimeters. Two sclerotia rarely grow together and then reach a length of almost one centimeter. The sclerotia are hemispherical and flattened at the top. They are hollow, so that lying on their head they resemble a bowl with a navel-like scar ( hilum ) in the middle, the point of attachment of the stem. Many sclerotia often combine to form an irregular, continuous crust.
When germinating, a whole clump of new fungi often grows directly from the mother's sclerotium. Occasionally, no new mycelium is formed, but a new sclerotium directly.
ecology
Sclerotium delphinii attacks the roots of the host plants. The fungus spreads in a circle in the ground and then leads to large circles of dead host plants. In the choice of host plants, Sclerotium delphinii does not seem to be very specific and affects a large number of genera and species.
literature
- FL Stevens: A Comparative Study of Sclerotium Rolfsii and Sclerotium Delphinii . In: Mycologia . tape 23 , no. 3 , 1931, p. 204-222 , doi : 10.2307 / 3753961 .
