Semitism
The term Semitism is used in linguistic terms to denote a borrowing from the construction or expression that is common in Semitic languages . This use is analogous to z. B. to Germanism , Anglicism , etc. - also used from around 1860 to around 1920 to designate "Judaism viewed exclusively from the ethnological point of view".
The term Semitism is also used in the sense of a totality of oriental culture.
In addition, the expression was used for "all negatively assessed components of modernity, for capitalism, the emancipation of bourgeois society and its pluralistic-antagonistic character, literacy critical of tradition, enlightenment ideas or the 'externalization' of civilization." Origin in the introduction of the term Semites by August Ludwig von Schlözer (1781), his introduction to linguistics by JG Eichhorn (1787) and in ethnology, finally in the naturalistic racial theory of Gobineau as well as in a use of the Term "Jew". This development formed the background for the anti-Jewish construction of a "spirit of Judaism" z. B. with Hegel and Young Hegelians, who describe Judaism as “self-alienation” of man, and finally with Karl Marx and the early socialists, who ascribe a “capitalist spirit” to him. In this sense German opponents of Jewry designated in the period after the founder noise as Antisemiten and founded in 1879 under the direction of Wilhelm Marr a Antisemitenliga .
Individual evidence
- ↑ So the article Semitism in Brockhaus from 1892, quoted here. n. Th. Nipperdey: Art. Antisemitism , in: HWPh , Bd. 1, 415f
- ↑ For example, the orientalist Moritz Steinschneider speaks of a “syncretism of the Orient and Occident” as a “connection of Semitism with Indo-European education” (General introduction to the Jewish literature of the Middle Ages, in: The Jewish Quarterly Review 16/2 (1904), 373–395, 389) or, for example, Max Horten sets an intellectualistic tendency of Greek culture against a tendency that comes from “Semitism, Islam”, “which emphasized the voluntarist in God” and speaks of a "synthesis between Hellenism and Semitism = Islam" with regard to encyclopedists such as the honest brothers of Basra (Die Philosophie des Islam, Munich, 1924, 84 and 260)
- ^ Nipperdey, lc, 415
- ↑ All information from Nipperdey, lc
- ↑ Again all information according to Nipperdey, lc - there individual documents
- ^ Individual documents on the origin of the expression anti-Semitism also in Nipperdey, lc