Sergei Leonidowitsch Mandelstam
Sergei Leonidowitsch Mandelstam ( Russian Серге́й Леони́дович Мандельшта́м ; born February 22, 1910 in Odessa ; † November 26, 1990 in Moscow ) was a Soviet physicist. He was the founder and first director of the Institute for Spectroscopy of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.
He was the son of the well-known physicist Leonid Isaakowitsch Mandelstam . He graduated from Lomonosov University in 1931 and then worked at the Physics Institute of Lomonosov University. In 1935 he became laboratory director at the Institute of Physics of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. From 1944 to 1947 he was a professor at the Institute for Steel in Moscow and from 1957 head of the quantum optics department of the Institute for Physics and Technology in Moscow. In 1968 he became director of the Institute for Spectroscopy.
He dealt with atomic spectroscopy and applications in extraterrestrial astronomy. For example, he examined the spectrum of highly excited ions in the laboratory and in solar flares. He was one of the first to measure temperature in lightning bolts in this way, and he developed a hydrodynamic theory of lightning discharges. He also dealt with industrial applications of spectral analysis and studied the X-ray spectrum of the sun and its X-ray bursts. In this context he was scientific director of the Intercosmos 1 mission in 1969 - but the satellite crashed after a few weeks.
In 1966 he became a member of the Leopoldina . Since 1979 he has been a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences .
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Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mandelstam, Sergei Leonidowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Мандельштам, Сергей Леонидович (Russian spelling) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 22, 1910 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Odessa |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 26, 1990 |
| Place of death | Moscow |