Sinism
A Sinismus (also: Sinoismus ) is a from the Chinese derived reclining or foreign word .
Sinisms in German
An evaluation of standard dictionaries and etymological dictionaries showed that without taking proper names and derivatives into account, over 100 sinisms can be detected in the standard German language. As far as dating is possible, the process of adopting Chinese words for the period from the 16th century can be traced. The evaluation of etymological dictionaries shows that "junk" was borrowed in the 16th century and can therefore be regarded as the oldest Sinism in German based on the current state of affairs. “Dschunke” probably got into German via English; it probably came into English through Portuguese. In the same century "Bonze" reached German, which according to Kluge is a Japaneseism , but which, according to Cannon (1988, p. 6), is said to come from Chinese.
Sinisms in English
With a total of 1191 lexemes, English has absorbed considerably more than German. If you leave out word variants, there are still 979 sinisms in English. After Garland, “galingale” (a plant, root) is by far the oldest loan (from around 1000); Apart from this one case, however, as in German, word adoption did not begin until the 16th century.
See also
literature
- Karl-Heinz Best : Sinisms in German and English . In: Glottometrics . tape 17 , 2008, ISSN 1617-8351 , p. 87–93 ( full text [PDF]).
- Garland Cannon: Chinese Borrowings in English . In: American Speech. A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage . Vol. 63, no. 1 , 1988, ISSN 0003-1283 , pp. 3-33 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ So among others: Friedrich Kluge (pm), Elmar Seebold (ed.): Kluge . Etymological dictionary of the German language . 24th edition. de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2002, ISBN 3-11-017473-1 .
