Special Court Ordinance of 1933
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Title: | Ordinance of the Reich government on the formation of special courts |
| Type: | Imperial Ordinance |
| Scope: | German Empire |
| Legal matter: | Judicial system |
| Issued on: | March 21, 1933 (RGBl. I p. 136) |
| Entry into force on: | March 24, 1933 |
| Weblink: | Text of the regulation (PDF) |
| Please note the note on the applicable legal version. | |
With the special jurisdiction ordinance of 1933 , long title ordinance of the Reich government on the formation of special courts of March 21, 1933, a special court was formed by the Hitler cabinet (a coalition government made up of NSDAP and DNVP ) for each of the 26 higher regional court districts on the occasion of Potsdam . Originally created for the exceptional case during the turbulent phase of the seizure of power , the courts were given more and more criminal jurisdiction until, from 1940, the prosecution was free to file suit before the special courts.
Origin and content
In the early years and the end of the Weimar Republic, special courts were supposed to enable politically motivated crimes to be punished quickly through simplified procedures. In the phase of the seizure of power and after the Reichstag fire, the regulation drafted by State Secretary Schlegelberger made special courts responsible for violations of the following two regulations:
- Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State of February 28, 1933 ( Reichstag Fire Ordinance )
- Regulation to ward off vicious attacks against the government of the national uprising of 21 March 1933 (the treachery Regulation )
With procedural simplifications and the exclusion of legal remedies against the decisions of these courts, punishment should be quick and effective.
In the years that followed, the law enforcement canon rose rapidly. In February 1940, the special courts were given jurisdiction at the discretion of the prosecution. The original exception became the rule. In 1942, the central organ of the Legal Guardians' Association described the special courts as tried and tested "standing courts of the inner front".
literature
- Manfred Zeidler: The Freiberg Special Court. On justice and repression in Saxony 1933–1940 (= reports and studies no. 16). Hannah Arendt Institute for the Research on Totalitarianism e. V. at the TU Dresden, Dresden 1998, ISBN 978-3-931648-16-9 .
- Hans Wrobel: On the theory and practice of the special courts - using the example of the Bremen special court (1940-1945) . Lecture June 28, 2001
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lothar Gruchmann: Justice in the Third Reich 1933-1940: Adaptation and submission in the Gürtner era. Oldenbourg 2001, ISBN 3-486-53833-0 , p. 644.
- ↑ Manfred Zeidler: The Freiberg Special Court . P. 12 f.
- ↑ Manfred Zeidler: The Freiberg Special Court . P. 15 f.
- ↑ Manfred Zeidler: The Freiberg Special Court . P. 14 f.
