diving platform
A diving platform is a device for jumping into water in an outdoor or indoor pool. Competition heights are 1 meter and 3 meters from a diving board for artificial jumping, and 5, 7.5 and 10 meters from a platform for high diving (there are also 1 m and 3 m platforms for practice purposes). So-called "high dive" competitions involve jumping from heights of 20 m and 27 m.
description
A diving board can be set up at the edge of a swimming pool ; For safety reasons, however, it is often installed in a diving bay on the side of the swimming pool or (for larger facilities) on a separate diving pool. Diving towers are sometimes architectural works of art and symbols of swimming pools.
Diving towers are often made entirely of stainless steel (V4A - 1.4571) or a combination of a galvanized and painted steel substructure (S235JR - formerly St37) with stainless steel railings. Alternatively, concrete diving platforms with stainless steel railings can be built. Since the end of 2004 there have been new Europe-wide standards for diving boards. They mainly affect the railings. These must now be significantly more stable than before and must not be able to be climbed. Stainless steel diving platforms should be electropolished if possible in order to prevent the build-up of rust from aggressive chlorine vapors.
Diving towers are subject to special building regulations. This regulates the distance between the boards and platforms and between them and the pool surround, the dimensions of the railings and the depths of the water, which helps prevent accidents. If the distances are sufficiently large, it may be possible to jump from several or even all boards or platforms at the same time. For reasons of space and costs, smaller systems (1 m, 3 m and possibly 5 m) or combined systems are often built, in which, for example, the 5, 7.5 and 10 meter platforms are on top of each other and therefore for operation can only be enabled alternately.
The water depth required for safe jumping (including head jumps) is not proportional to the height of the jump, but grows less rapidly. On the one hand, this is due to the height-dependent reachable immersion speeds, which only increase with the square root of the jump height. The immersion speed at a 1 m jump height is around 15 km / h and at 10 m around 50 km / h. On the other hand, it is because the water resistance increases as the square of the immersion speed. A pool depth of 3.50 m is usual for a 3-meter board, about 4.00 m for a 5-m tower and between 4.50 m and 5.00 m for a 10-m tower.
There are special facilities for practicing parachute jumps, see parachute jump tower .
Accident prevention
In order to avoid falling and falling before the intended jump, careful climbing without jostling and using the railing is required. Wet-grip surfaces on the springboard or platform are common today. In swimming pools, diving platforms are usually cordoned off, and jumping is usually only allowed under special supervision. The supervisor is required to observe the emergence of every jumper and his rapid swimming away, often in a predetermined direction - to the next exit from the pool. It is not allowed to jump from (almost) stacked platforms at the same time, which is often made clear by temporary cordons when entering. If a jumper jumps off before the possible immersion area is not clear of other swimmers, there is a risk of collision with a high risk of injury.
gallery
Three-meter diving platform in Zollikon on Lake Zurich
Diving platform at the 1908 Olympic Games
Diving tower on a mural (ca.480 BC)
Diving tower in Kabul
See also
Web links
- Pro7 Galileo video tower jump from a height of 27.5 meters
- Short film from the NY Times about the 10m tower
Individual evidence
- ↑ The free fall. In: Physics Lessons Online. Retrieved on July 21, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Water resistance | SWIMLEX | The lexicon of swimming. In: SWIMLEX. August 15, 2017, accessed on July 11, 2019 (German).