St. Hubertus Shooting Brotherhood 1417 Brilon
The St. Hubertus Schützenbruderschaft 1417 Brilon e. V. is a rifle brotherhood in Brilon in the Sauerland . Today's association goes back to a medieval shooting society and is one of the oldest associations of this type in Westphalia. The year 1417 in the name of the brotherhood refers to the year of their first statute.
Like other rifle brotherhoods and associations, the St. Hubertus rifle brotherhood organizes an annual shooting festival . This three-day festival is interrupted every two years by the Schnade .
history
In the late Middle Ages, shooting societies emerged in the cities that were flourishing at the time. Frequent encroachments and encroachments by the nobility forced the cities to be constantly ready to fight. This ability to defend found its expression in a fixed order of the war system. It was also necessary to instruct citizens in the use of weapons. It was expedient to achieve this in the community. The crossbow became more and more popular as a weapon.
The Rathemanns of the city of Brilon gave the city of Brilon and its citizens a weapon order on the first Sunday after Agatha in 1362. Duty and right, honor and shame of the citizen capable of arms were designated in this. During an attack, all citizens in arms and armor were called under the banners in front of the gates. Here they waited until the mayor and the council elected a special council of war from the most respected fighters. This determined the organizational plan. If a citizen was captured in an argument, the city had to redeem him. There was no substitute for injuries or death. If someone contradicted the council's orders, they would pay five shillings, without mercy. Whoever left the battlefield before the quarrel was lost, forfeited his or her body and property to the city. If the council decided to set up an ambush and someone intentionally stayed away, his body and property fell into the city without mercy.
The Brilon Brotherhood is one of the oldest rifle brotherhoods in the Sauerland . Its statutes date from February 2, 1417. A copy that has survived to this day was made around 1450. These statutes are the oldest written statutes of a Westphalian rifle brotherhood. The shooting society was a guild . It had the task of defending the city and the urban area. It was the core of the vigilante group and subject to the strict rules of the gun order. Their armament consisted of crossbows until the 16th century . The original statutes had become illegible, so they were renewed in 1569; Provisions were made about consumption at the festival, about multiple rump beers as punishments, about the obligation of the Schützenkönig to give society two good hams and one cheese, about the settlement of disputes about the proportion of food and drink . The old gun regulations were also thought of as a statute in force . Until the introduction of the Landwehr around 1814, she also carried out police duties in Brilon.
After the troubled times of the French Revolution and the poor times during the Napoleonic Wars, riflemen had lost a lot of their importance. That is why the Rifle Guild renewed the ancient statutes in 1842 out of the will to benevolent community and fraternal unity .
Statutes from 1417
The document of February 2, 1417 reads in free translation from Low German:
In the name of our Lord we have chosen to hold our rifle society with good will and in harmony, if someone has become or wants to join our company, who is an heir or servant, he should give half a pound of wax to our light and a mug of beer 8 d. the journeymen (Schützebrüdern) to drink or when a fellow dies or his legitimate housewife, then all journeymen should follow to the church and to the grave after it has been announced to them by our servant; if someone doesn't do that, he should give half a white pfennig to our light. If our journeymen contradict (utter reproach) or quarrel, and if our conductors forbid them to do so and they disobey, he should give the journeymen a mug of 8d beer without any discount; We have also chosen in the event that we are abroad, be it for the sake of the city or for our own sake, and we steal something in brushwood or household items, then our light should be given from the loot, like ours; We have also decided that if we want or should come together, those whom we invite and send our servant to them and who do not come and do not follow our advice, they should give the journeymen a jug of 8d beer as a punishment. We have vowed to keep all articles and points always and firmly without malice in the year of the Lord 1417 on the day of the purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary .
King chain
The king's chain is the insignia of the reigning marksman king of the brotherhood. The date of foundation and the origin of the king's chain is unclear. It is a gold-plated silver cross (probably an old chapter cross) on a double chain. The cross is worked as a reliquary . Thus, the cross presumably came from ecclesiastical possession and passed into secular possession with the secularization beginning in 1803. The body is probably of an older date and was put on later. In an undated handover list of the rifle conductors Cordt Than, Heinrich Meschede, Heinrich Künnen and Heinrich Wichartz, it says: "To deliver we gild crosses (the silver, gold-plated cross), to hang the same, so the bird shits." According to other sources, such as electoral regulations, tax lists and electoral regulations, evidence was provided of the existence of the aforementioned from 1678 to 1682. The chain therefore dates from before 1678.
Schützenhalle
The fairground on Espelkamp, which had been in use since 1831, was abandoned in 1843 and a square on Drübel was used instead. From 1858 the place where the shooting hall stands today was used. The first rifle hall was built in 1868, it stood west of today's facility and was a building open to the east, with the dance hall in front of it at right angles. For 1899 an extension by an extension is documented.
The new hall, with an area of 2,500 m², was built in 1924 according to plans and under the supervision of construction foreman Josef Kraft. A hall in Erwitte served as a model. The building is covered with slate. A certificate and three commemorative medals were built into the foundation stone. Each of these medals has a relief on the front with the image of an emaciated family and the inscription Des Deutschen Volkes Leidenszeit . On the back the prices for groceries are given; For example, on November 1, 1923, a pound of bread cost 3 billion and a pound of meat cost 36 billion marks. Below is a sinking sailing ship. After the Second World War, the hall served as a warehouse and vehicle hall for the Americans. The building was badly damaged and threatened to collapse. From 1948 on, the hall was extensively renovated and expanded.
literature
- City of Brilon (Ed.): 750 years city of Brilon 1220 to 1970. Printed by Hecker, Brilon 1970.
- Gerhard Brökel Peace received - unrest consumed. From the history of archery in Brilon. Weyers Druck, Brion 1992.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Schützenbruderschaft St. Hubertus Brilon 1417–1967. Johann Suibert Seibertz , ed. Schützenbruderschaft Brilon, Weyersdruck, Brilon 1967, pp. 23, 24.
- ^ City of Brilon (ed.): 750 years city of Brilon 1220 to 1970. Printed by Hecker, Brilon 1970, p. 49.
- ^ A b Josef Rüther: Local history of the district of Brilon. Regensberg Verlag, Münster 1957, p. 132.
- ↑ Theodor Tochtrop: Stories from Brilon. Weyers Druck, Brilon 1976, p. 29.
- ↑ Schutterij St. Hubertus Brilon 1417-1967. Franz Viegener, ed. Schützenbruderschaft Brilon, Weyersdruck, Brilon 1967.
- ↑ Norbert Foeckeler: 575 years Schützenwesen in Brilon. In: Yearbook Hochsauerlandkreis 1992. Edited by the senior district director of the Hochsauerlandkreis, Podszun publishing house, Brilon, ISBN 3-923448-83-X .