St. Leonhard (Kundl)
The Kundl branch and pilgrimage church, also called St. Leonhard auf der Wiese, is about a kilometer southwest of Kundl-Dorf in the market town of Kundl in the Schwaz district in the state of Tyrol . The patronage of St. The Roman Catholic pilgrimage church subordinated to Leonhard von Limoges belongs to the deanery of Reith im Alpbachtal in the Archdiocese of Salzburg . The church and the churchyard are under monument protection ( list entry ). The late Gothic church was built from 1480 to 1512 at the instigation of the Schwaz miners .
history
There is a legend about the prehistory of the church, which verifiably first appeared in 1681. According to this, the Emperor Heinrich II , who traveled through in 1004, is said to have noticed a figure of Leonhard that was recovered and erected from the Inn and then vowed to build a suitable church for it, which is then said to have been personally consecrated by Pope Benedict VIII in 1020 . However, there is no evidence of the previous stone building.
The local trade families Mermoser, Lintauer, Hocholtinger, Fronheimer and Rider, whose coats of arms are on the keystones, commissioned the Hagau master Christian Nickinger to build the church. By his death in 1492 he was able to complete the nave and the tower. After a few years of stagnation, Jörg Steyrer , also from Hagau, added the choir until 1512, so that the church could probably be consecrated in the same year. In the middle of the 17th century, the sacred building was given today's early baroque furnishings.
Due to theft in the late 1680s, a barricade was installed below the gallery parapet around 1690. During the Baroque period, pilgrims who came to Kundl no longer viewed St. Leonhard as the patron saint of miners, but as the patron saint of cattle, which was not considered beneficial. That is why the church was auctioned for demolition in 1786 for 600 guilders. The angry population was able to prevent this, but numerous art treasures were lost.
The major exterior and interior renovations of 1958/59 gave the church its baroque splendor.
architecture
Alongside the Schwaz parish church, the Leonhardskirche is the most important late Gothic sacred building in the Tyrolean lowlands . The church consists of a four-bay nave, which is not divided on the outside, in whose south-west corner the 56 m high church tower with pointed spire is integrated. The three-bay, slightly drawn-in choir with three- eighth closure is clad with Hagau marble and divided above the short buttresses by delicate triangular pilaster strips. The structure is 35 m long, 12 m wide and 13 m high inside.
You enter the church through two portals. The west portal is a multi-grooved, printed pointed arch portal with a canopy. On the south portal, richly designed with Gothic shapes, there is a relief of the head of Christ in the final keel arch. Also on the south side is a window-high baroque St. Christopher fresco . The pointed arched windows with deep valleys have a two-lane tracery.
The interior has a deeply drawn ribbed vault that rests on semicircular wall services. The keystones (in the choir a hanging) are the arms of the builders and I. Emperor Maximilian provided. The vault is decorated with frescoes from the first third of the 16th century. The saints Leonhard and Wolfgang are painted behind the extract from the altar. On the north walls of the two front nave bays there are two frescoes from around 1600. The one on the left shows Jesus on the cross, gazing at St. Leonhard, and kneeling the founder of the fresco, Pastor Johann Alxinger, who is named in an inscription on the lower edge is called. The right fresco is only preserved in fragments.
The western gallery rests on three pointed arches. The southern gallery pillar continues over the parapet to the vault and supports the northeast corner of the church tower. The richly decorated high baroque grille is inserted between the arched columns.
Furnishing
The high altar was created in 1646 by Peter Weißbachauer . In front of the altarpiece, which is dedicated to St. Leonhard shows as the prisoner's helper, there is a figure of the church patron that almost completely covers it. On the side, outside the twisted pillars covered with vine leaves, the saints Wolfgang and Heinrich II assist . In the cafeteria, next to the tabernacle, are the busts of the evangelists. In the middle niche of the altar extension is the Queen of Heaven with child, above is the Archangel Michael as a triumphant dragon slayer, and to the side are angels with palm branches.
The left side altar, created by Peter Weißbachauer at the same time, is dedicated to St. Dedicated to George , whose statue is also in front of a painted background. On the altar extract are St. John the Evangelist and Mary on the side next to Christ Salvator.
The right-hand Oswald Altar, attributed to the sculptor Michael Mayr, who works as a sacristan at the church, is younger and was erected in 1685. The altar panel is flanked by two figures of saints. Whether the left statue is St. Erasmus as it says in the church leader, or St. Blasius , to which the attribute of the candle indicates, is unexplained. On the right side is St. Ulrich . In the niche of the extract is St. Aegidius inserted and above him in the pediment God the Father on a cloud.
The pulpit next to the St. George's altar, decorated with carvings and columns, is elegantly reserved. A harp-playing King David crowns the sound cover. The rich three-meter-high wall paneling of the nave, as well as the church and miners stalls with stylish lion's head cheeks, belong to the early high baroque period after 1650. On the right below in front of the pulpit there is a stone figure of St. Leonhard, which Christian Nickinger created around 1485/90. The sources give no information about the baroque crucifixion group that hangs on the choir arch.
Churchyard
A healing arbor is built into the south-west corner of the wall around the churchyard. In the past, pilgrims were shown the relics there. In the arbor there is a life-size baroque statue of Leonhard.
literature
- Johannes Neuhardt: Kundl / Tyrol . Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 1986, Christliche Kunststätten Österreichs Nr. 91, pp. 9-15.
- Reinhard Rampold: Art Guide Tirol . Tyrolia Verlag, Innsbruck 2014, pp. 233–34.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 27 '31.4 " N , 11 ° 57' 46.5" E