St. Mary's (Jajce)
The Church St. Mary's ( Cyrillic Црква свете Марије Crkva svete Marije ), later Sultan Sülejman Mosque (Султан-Сулејманова џамија Sultan Sulejmanova džamija ) or Fethija (Фетхија from Turkish fethetti , say "conquered"), was a place of worship in historical center of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian city of Jajce, at the foot of the citadel. Together with the remnant of the adjacent Saint Luke bell tower (Звоник светог Луке Zvonik svijetog Luke ), it is a Bosnian national monument.
Origin and description
The building was redesigned several times, which makes it difficult to determine its age and origin. It is believed that the church was built in the 12th century as a simple basilica in Romanesque style. The church fell into disrepair until the end of the 14th century, after which it was restored and dedicated to the holy Virgin Mary . It is not clear who commissioned the restoration of the building; Either Franciscans who settled in the area or Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić , the leading magnate of the Kingdom of Bosnia and city founder of Jajce, can be considered as clients .
In the early 15th century St. Mary's Church was adapted to the Gothic style customary at the time after the kings of Bosnia appropriated Jaitze - in the course of the marriage of King Stefan Ostoja to Hrvoje's widow Jelena Nelipitsch. The preserved frescoes , which date from the first half of the 15th century, are a typical example of late Gothic art; the most outstanding composition was the Last Judgment , a widespread theme in Europe at the time.
Royal Church
After the loss of Serbia to the Ottoman Turks in 1459, Stefan Tomaschewitsch of Bosnia , the son of King Stjepan Tomašević , returned with his wife Marie and his family. After Marie brought the bones of the Evangelist Luke here, a bell tower with the name of the saint was built next to the church. On November 17, 1461, the church served as the coronation site of Stjepan Tomašević; it was the last coronation in Bosnia. The Ottoman conquest of Bosnia took place only two years later, which led to centuries of foreign rule over Bosnia. King Stjepan Tomašević was executed after a mock trial, while Queen Marie took the bones from the church and sold them to the Republic of Venice .
mosque
In 1582, the Church of St. Mary, including the St. Luke bell tower, was converted into a mosque and named after the Ottoman Sultan Suleyman II the Magnificent . The formerly Christian building burned down several times under the Turkish rule, the most devastating fire destruction took place in 1658. The last major fire in 1832 left nothing but the walls, and the building has not been used since then.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Crkva sv. Marije (pretvorena u Fethija, odnosno Sultan Sulejmanovu džamiju, 1528. godine) sa zvonikom sv. Luke, graditeljska cjelina. (No longer available online.) Bosnia and Herzegovina Commission to Preserve National Monuments, archived from the original on January 6, 2015 ; accessed in 2003 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d Crkva sv. Marije. (No longer available online.) Franjevački samostan sv. Luke, Jajce, archived from the original on June 15, 2016 ; accessed on June 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bruno Ljubez: Jajce degree: prilog povijesti posljednje Bosanske prijestolnice . HKD Napredak, 2009, p. 122 (Croatian).
- ^ John Van Antwerp Fine Jr .: The Bosnian Church: a New Interpretation: a Study of the Bosnian Church and Its Place in State and Society from the 13th to the 15th Centuries . East European Quarterly, 1975, ISBN 0-914710-03-6 , pp. 339 .
Coordinates: 44 ° 20 ′ 21.8 ″ N , 17 ° 16 ′ 8.4 ″ E