Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić (* around 1350 in Kotor Varoš , today Bosnia and Herzegovina ; † 1416 ) was Duke of Split , Ban of Croatia and Grand Duke of the Kingdom of Bosnia under the three Bosnian kings Tvrtko I , Stjepan Dabiša and Stjepan Ostoja . He was the most famous member of the Hrvatinić family and one of three great feudal lords in medieval Bosnia.
Life
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić was the eldest son of Duke Vukac Hrvatinić . He had three brothers, Vuk, Dragiša and Vojislav. He was later married to Jelena Nelipčić .
1376 is Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić the first time as Prince and Knight under the Hungarian King Ludwig I mentioned. In 1380 he was appointed Grand Duke of Bosnia by the Bosnian King Tvrtko I of the House of Kotromanić . As a first act as Grand Duke, he led an army of Bosnian troops to Croatia in 1387 to besiege Bishop Ivan Smilo in Zagreb . After the death of King Ludwig I, he was involved in the struggle for succession to the reign between Sigismund of Luxembourg and Ladislaus of Naples . Here he stood on the side of the latter, as he had promised him to be elevated to the Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia . During the reign of King Stjepan Dabiša , Hrvatinić led the troops in the battles against the Ottoman Empire in 1392 and received great gratitude from the king. In the heat of the internal unrest in Bosnia in 1397 during the reign of Queen Jelena Gruba , Hrvatinić invited the Ottomans for support. As an adversary of the queen, he was involved in the selection of Stjepan Ostoja as the new king of Bosnia in May 1398. During Stjepan Ostoja's reign he was strongly influenced by Hrvatinić, so that Hrvatinić was the actual ruler of Bosnia. In 1403 he was appointed regent of Hungary , Croatia and Dalmatia and Duke of Split.
Later there was a conflict between him and King Ostoja, so that Hrvatinić participated in a conspiracy in 1404 that overthrew Ostoja from the throne and replaced him with Tvrtko II . Together with Tvrtko II, he led a military intervention against Hungary and Sigismund of Luxembourg. After a few victories for Sigismund in 1408 and a massacre by this at the Bosnian army, Hrvatinić had to ally with Sigismund. But Hungary's successes in Bosnia and the recapture of the throne by King Ostoja weakened him severely, so that he soon lost control of the areas over which he had ruled together with Split. Therefore he sought help from the Ottoman Empire in the following. The Hungarian army was defeated on the Lašva in 1415 ; however, this also opened the door for Ottoman expansion into Bosnia. Hrvoje died the following year and his widow Jelena Nelipčić married King Ostoja.
See also
- List of Bane of Croatia
- Missale glagoliticum Hervoiae ducis Spalatensis
- Hval Codex
- Kingdom of Bosnia # List of Bane
literature
- Nada Klaić: Srednjovjekovna Bosna: politički položaj bosanskih vladara do Tvrtkove krunidbe. 1898 ( online )
- Mladen Ančić: Putanja klatna: Ugarsko-hrvatsko kraljevstvo i Bosna u 14. stoljeću. Acad. Scientiarum et Artium Croatica, 1997 ( online )
- John Van Antwerp Fine: The Bosnian Church: a New Interpretation. East European Quarterly, 1975 ( online )
- Ferdo Šišić : Vojvoda Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić i njegovo doba. (1350-1416). 1902 ( online )
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Vukčić Hrvatinić, Hrvoje |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ban of Croatia, Grand Duke of the Kingdom of Bosnia and Duke of Split |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1350 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kotor Varoš , today Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1416 |