State crisis in Egypt 1928

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The state crisis in Egypt in 1928 was a series of political disputes between the Egyptian-Sudanese King Fu'ad I , the Egyptian parliament and the Wafd party under its party leader Mustafa an-Nahhas Pascha over their constitutional powers. It was the second serious crisis in the Kingdom of Egypt since it was founded in 1922.

Prehistory: Egypt from 1922–1928

King Fu'ad I of Egypt

After Great Britain granted Egypt independence in 1922, the nationalist Wafd party quickly began to modernize the country. In 1923 she urged the conservative Fu'ad I to issue a progressive liberal constitution , which nonetheless guaranteed him extensive powers.

The first parliamentary elections in January 1924, which brought the Wafd party a major victory, confirmed the new political system. In November 1924, an Egyptian-British crisis over the status of Sudan shook it badly. Fu'ad I. took advantage of the weakness of parliament and the government. He dismissed the popular Prime Minister Saad Zaghlul and suspended parliament on November 24th . Although there were new elections in March 1925, the monarch ruled for the next few years with minority governments that he installed, largely bypassing parliament in an authoritarian manner.

course

In June 1928 Fu'ad I. dismissed Prime Minister Mustafa an-Nahhas Pascha , who had only been in office since March 16 and after the death of Saad Zaghlul, as the new party leader, after public disputes over his constitutional competences, which were disputed among the nationalists des Wafd had risen. On July 19, the king suspended the constitution indefinitely and dissolved parliament after it protested against the dismissal. On June 27, he appointed the liberal-monarchist landowner Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil as the new head of government, who held office until October 4, 1929.

consequences

After strong public protests, Fu'ad I announced new elections in December 1929, which brought the Wafd party a major victory. Without formally reinstating the constitution, he reappointed Mustafa an-Nahhas as prime minister with parliamentary support. On June 17, 1930, after he had presented two bills restricting the king's power in parliament, he was again deposed. Despite the crisis and the heated disputes surrounding it, the political system lasted until the revolution of 1952 .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Dieter Nohlen, Klaus Landfried (Eds.): The election of parliaments and other state organs / Volume II: Africa: Political organization and representation in Africa De Gruyter, 1978, ISBN 978-3-11-004518- 5 , p. 251.