Angermünde city fortifications
The city fortification Angermünde was originally a complete fortification of the old town of Angermünde . Parts of the city wall are still preserved today. These are under monument protection.
history
The city fortifications were built in the last quarter of the 13th century. It was initially only three-sided, on the west, south and east sides of the city. The three main gates were mentioned as early as 1292: the Kerkower or Prenzlauer Tor, the Finnower or Berliner Tor and the Hohe or Schwedter Tor. They were double gates, so-called kennels . The wall was about 1410 meters long in 1302 and had 36 soft houses . It essentially consisted of a 7 meter high brick wall , the base was made of field stone . The thickness of the wall was about 1.15 meters, with the top of the wall tapering slightly. In front of the wall there was a double wall with two moats.
Between 1350 and 1400 the Kerkower Tor was moved 50 meters to the south. The powder tower was then built in the 15th century. Then the northern part of the wall was laid parallel to the lake shore. The city wall lost its function in the 16th century. According to one report, the city wall was said to have been incomplete in 1711/1712. In the late 18th century, parts of the city wall were then torn down and the stones were used in building houses. In 1827 the northern part was demolished, here the wall was damaged because of the poor, damp ground. The stones were used to build the town hall. In 1829 the Prenzlauer Tor was demolished. From 1831 the wall was partly sold to citizens, which was forbidden by the Prussian Ministry of the Interior and desertions were to be prevented. In 1845 and 1846 the Schwedter Tor and the Berliner Tor were demolished, and replacement buildings were to be built for the aforementioned reason. But these were not completed until ten years later. The wall continued to be torn down until 1879, and from that year onwards, the remains were maintained as historical heritage and restored.
In 1739 the ramparts to the southeast of the Berliner Tor were leveled and a cemetery was created. After the abandonment, a park was created here in 1877, the Peace Park .
The city fortifications
About a sixth of the former city wall is still preserved. These preserved parts are mainly on the southern side of the city. Here today's wall is about four meters high, the original structure of the wall is still visible. The top of the wall is no longer there. There are also parts of four soft houses here. The outer walls of a cloister building are located near the Franciscan monastery on Klosterplatz. Another section with Weichhaus is located in the northeast of the old town at the level of the Jägerstraße 8-12 property. This soft house has been used as a residential building since the 1920s. Further parts of the former city wall are located on the northwest side and on the west side of the old town. On the northwest side of the wall there are still parts of a gatehouse, here is also an ice cellar of the former brewery.
Powder tower
The powder tower was probably built in the 15th century. It was built as a watchtower in the existing wall. The tower could be used as a dungeon early on, and this has been documented since 1698. From 1740, powder was stored here, among other things. From 1877 to 1914 there was an apartment for the poor in the tower. Renovations took place from 1964 to 1965 and from 1996 to 1997.
The tower has a round floor plan. The base was made of field stone, the three floors were built of brick. A crenellated wreath and an octagonal helmet in pyramid shape form the end. The dimensions are around 8.5 meters in diameter and around 24 meters in height. The entrance to the tower is on the city side, there are no windows. Light only comes into the tower through narrow gaps.
Grave slabs, ramparts and graves
There was a cemetery on the southern side of the city wall. From this use there are grave slabs south of the city wall. The eastern grave slab was erected for Gottfried Richter, who died in 1758. The western grave slab was made for Samuel Jakob, who died around the middle of the 18th century, the exact date of death is illegible. There is also a cast iron memorial plaque for Caroline Friedrike Buege and her child on the southern city wall. Both died in 1817.
Not much of the ramparts and moats is visible today. It was located on the west, south and east sides of the city wall. It was a double wall with two trenches. The trenches were about 15 meters apart. The inner trench was about five meters wide, the outer one nine meters wide.
literature
- Ilona Rohowski and others: Monuments in Brandenburg, Uckermünde District. Part 1: City of Angermünde and Amt Oder Welse as well as the places Criewen and Zützen. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, 2016, ISBN 978-3-88462-367-1 , pp. 62–65.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Entry in the Brandenburg list of monuments
- ^ Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Founded by the Day for Monument Preservation 1900, continued by Ernst Gall , revised by the Dehio Association and the Association of State Monument Preservationists in the Federal Republic of Germany, represented by: Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum. Brandenburg: edited by Gerhard Vinken and others, reviewed by Barbara Rimpel. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
Coordinates: 53 ° 0 '55 " N , 14 ° 0' 7.3" E