Dinkelsbühl town mill
The Wehrmühle Dinkelsbühl is an old town mill in the former city fortifications of Dinkelsbühl in Bavaria . It is recorded in the list of architectural monuments under number D-5-71-136-310.
Architecture and history
A previous building from the Staufer period in the 12th and 13th centuries may have stood in the same place . When the imperial city of Dinkelsbühl was granted the privilege of Emperor Charles IV in 1378 to “build and set” two mills wherever the city wanted, this mill building was built. It had a moat on two sides. The mill house had a gable width of 16 m and a length of 22 m. The eaves side facing the inner city moat rests on a 3.50 m deep foundation. There are three loopholes on the ground floor, starting one meter above the original floor and now under plaster. The 2nd floor and the gable were half- timbered. The "old town miller" is mentioned in 1424. A town-side corner of the mill came up against the town wall, where the Mauereckurm Am Türlein was. Around 1400, the other corner of the mill house was connected to the Nördlinger gate tower through the city wall, so that the mill house took over the function of the battlements.
The Mühlradstatt, a reconstruction of the mill wheel, is marked with the year of construction 1490 above the outlet gate of the Mühlgraben. The mill building now had a total length of 30 m. The battlements in the Radstatt are 6 m high. The 2 m high chest wall shows five loopholes on the long side and three loopholes on each side above the Mühlgraben. In the sloping connection to the mill house are two ox eyes . The two corner towers built from sandstone blocks are filled up to the height of the battlements, have conical roofs and a total height of 15.5 m.
After the construction of the gate kennel on the Nördlinger gate tower in the first decades after 1500, the battlement was relocated. It now led from the city wall over the gate kennel and over the Mühlhof wall to the Mühlhaus, in which he walked to the Radstatt on the field side and on this to the Am Türlein tower and further on the city wall to the Bäuerlinsturm . For this purpose, the Mühlwand was raised in stone and provided with loopholes. In connection with this, the front gable was renewed as a half-timbered building.
In 1600 this gable, ridge height 21 m, was replaced by a stone gable in the Renaissance style , according to the building board . An imperial double-headed eagle, holding the city coat of arms in its claws with the inscription: "Alß man zeelt MD C. Jar / diser Gibel von Neüem / built true." (Original today in the mill). There is now a window niche at the parapet entrance on the 2nd floor. The roof structure is 12 m high, has three storeys and an angle of inclination of 56 °. In a fire in 1923 the mill burned out completely, the roof structures of the Mühlhaus and Radstatt have been renewed.
The imperial city of Dinkelsbühl and its property, including the town mill, came under Bavarian sovereignty in 1802. The War and Domain Chamber sold it in 1808, including the sawmill, stable and yard, to the highest bidder for 8,900 guilders. Changes were made to the rows of windows on the facade, the Mühlhof battlement was demolished, and finally around 1815 the Mühlhof wall and the gate fence. The Am Türlein tower belonging to the mill was then demolished in 1819. The mill came into the possession of the city in 1984.
After extensive renovations, the building now houses the 3rd Dimension Museum .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerfrid Arnold: The town mill in Dinkelsbühl - unique fortified mill (1378–1600) . In: Alt-Dinkelsbühl 2013 , pp. 27–32.
- ^ Max Neeser: The town mill in Dinkelsbühl . In: Alt-Dinkelsbühl 1917 , pp. 1–4, 9–12, 17–21, 25–31.
- ^ Ludwig Schnurrer: The documents of the city of Dinkelsbühl , 1960, U 246.
- ↑ Gerfrid Arnold: Chronik Dinkelsbühl , Volume 4, 2003, pp. 61–64.
- ^ Ludwig Schnurrer: The documents of the city of Dinkelsbühl , 1960 U 598.
- ^ August Gebeßler: Bavarian art monuments. City and district of Dinkelsbühl , 1962, p. 73 f.
- ↑ Files IX A 4, 20th Dinkelsbühl City Archives.
- ^ JM Metzger: Diaries , early 19th century, extract from Max Neeser, Dinkelsbühl city archive.
- ^ Museum 3rd Dimension - Dinkelsbühl. April 1, 1987. Retrieved December 14, 2018 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 3 ′ 57.1 ″ N , 10 ° 19 ′ 28.9 ″ E