Lightweight steel construction

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The steel lightweight is a discipline of civil engineering , the wearing by an optimum design components made of steel is characterized in terms of capacity and weight minimization. Lightweight steel construction has its origins in the 1920s as a sub-discipline in aircraft construction . Very early on there was an effort to produce load-bearing components with little weight. In the construction industry, in which lightweight steel construction has its firm place today, the endeavor was to build economically using thin-walled profiles of a flat and linear type. The products of lightweight steel construction are mainly:

  • Trapezoidal steel profiles and steel cassettes, used as roof cladding or as facade components
  • Sandwich elements made of two steel cover layers, which are connected by a foam layer. The polyurethane foam core layer also provides very effective thermal insulation .
  • Wall transoms and purlins made of sheet steel, cold-formed with sheet thicknesses of 0.75 to 3.0 mm

The production takes place by cold forming by means of roll forming or folding. The lightweight steel construction in the building industry found its way from around 1940, coming from the USA via Scandinavia and the Benelux countries to Germany. In the beginning, the practical construction application was not problem-free due to the necessary building regulations. As a result, Germany lagged behind international developments, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. This construction method was spread in Germany mainly through the committed work of Rolf Baehre and his employees at the Research Institute for Steel, Wood and Stone at the University of Karlsruhe . Today, lightweight steel construction has its permanent place in construction - hardly any industrially used building can do without steel sheets in the roof and wall.

literature

  • Petersen, Christian: Lightweight steel construction . In: Steel construction. Basics of the calculation and structural training of steel structures , 4th edition Wiesbaden: Springer-Fachmedien 2013, pp. 773–811, ISBN 978-3-528-38837-9 .
  • Kurrer, Karl-Eugen: lightweight steel construction . In: History of structural engineering. In search of balance . Berlin: Ernst & Sohn 2016, pp. 627–632, ISBN 978-3-433-03134-6 .