Standfussiana wiskotti
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Standfussiana wiskotti |
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| ( Stand , 1888) |
Standfussiana wiskotti is a butterfly ( moth ) fromthe owl butterfly family (Noctuidae). It is a high-alpine form that only occurs from around 2000 m to around 3500 m. The distribution is limited to the Austrian, Swiss, Italian and French high alpine regions. The species was named after the butterfly collector Max Wiskott (Breslau).
features
The wingspan of the moth is 35 to 44 millimeters (35 to 40 mm). The basic color of the upper side of the forewing varies from light cream to yellow-brown, yellow-gray to gray. Fresh moths are often dusted yellow (or "gold-colored"). The darker cross and wavy lines stand out clearly and are strongly jagged. Cone, ring and kidney blemishes are somewhat darkened, but occasionally the ring blemishes are indistinct or blurred, or even absent. All three wing panels (basal, middle, and border) can have faint shading transverse bands; but these can also be missing. The fringes are yellowish, often piebald. The hind wings are monochrome yellow-brown, often with a slightly darker band or the wings light up a little towards the base of the wing. The undersides of the forewings are yellowish in color, the undersides of the hind wings are dark gray; they become yellowish towards the apex. The discal spot on the underside of the hind and fore wings is crescent-shaped and more or less washed out.
The thorax is furry. The underside of the thorax and abdomen are yellowish in color. The antennae of the male are not toothed, only curled.
The relatively small egg is initially light yellow and later turns brown. The surface is finely ribbed.
The caterpillar is dark olive green in color and has purple-red, black and gray-yellow tints and spots. On the sides of the back there are rectangular, yellowish spots with small black dots.
The slender doll is brown and has a cremaster on which two fine thorns sit.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The species occurs only in the high altitudes of the Alps above the tree line in Switzerland, France, Italy and Austria from around 2000 m to an altitude of 3500 meters. In Germany Standfussiana wiskotti not native.
Way of life
The species forms one generation per year, whose moths fly from July to August. The moths are diurnal and nocturnal and visit the blossoms of various alpine flowers during the day. But they also come across numerous artificial light sources at night . The caterpillars live polyphagous on herbaceous plants . They are nocturnal and hide under stones during the day. The caterpillars will likely overwinter several times and pupate in a loose cocoon .
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c stand (1888: p. 212/3, plate 10, fig. 3 and 4)
- ↑ a b Fibiger (1990: p. 158/9)
- ↑ Rebel (1899: p. 164/5, plate 4, fig. 3)
- ^ Forster & Wohlfahrt (1971: p. 26)
- ^ Karl Mazzucco: observation station Weißsee 2300m Hohe Tauern, Salzburg work report 1969, announcements of the natural science working group at the house of nature, Salzburg 1971
literature
- Michael Fibiger: Noctuidae Europaeae Volume 1, Entomological Press, Søro 1990, ISBN 87-89430-01-8
- Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 4: Owls. (Noctuidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-440-03752-5 .
- Hans Rebel: Second contribution to the lepidopteran fauna of South Tyrol. Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Austria, 59: 158–185, Vienna 1899 PDF
- Max Standfuss: Old and new agrotids of the European fauna. Corespondenzblatt des Entomologische Verein Iris zu Dresden, 1 (5): 211- Dresden 1888 PDF (online at biodiversity.org)
Web links
- www.lepiforum.de Taxonomy and photos
- www.nic.funet.fi dissemination
- Standfussiana wiskotti at Fauna Europaea