Reservoir region

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Stauropegion (Greek σταυροπηγίον, Church Slavonic ставропигия, Pl. Stauropegia ) is a canonical status of monasteries and brotherhoods in the Orthodox and Greek Catholic churches . They are directly subordinate to the Patriarch (or the Holy Synod in Russia 1721–1918) and not to the regional ecclesiastical hierarchy.

etymology

The Greek word stauropegion (from σταυρός, stauros = cross , and πήγνυμι, pegnymi = confirm ) means the setting up of the cross , because at the place where the monastery or the new parish church was to be built, a cross was first erected. The monastery or the community was then considered to have been founded.

history

In 451, the Council of Chalcedon transferred the supervision of the monasteries to the bishops. Since the time of Abbot Theodoros Studites (end of the 8th / beginning of the 9th century) the patriarchs increasingly took over the power to found and confirm monasteries - and thus to subordinate themselves. In the past, Stauropegial monasteries often enjoyed a high degree of independence, also because of the sometimes considerable distances to the patriarch.

In Russia , since the establishment of the Patriarchate of Moscow in 1588, some monasteries were directly subordinate to the Patriarch, and from 1721 to 1918 to the Holy Synod .

In Poland-Lithuania, some monasteries, such as the Kiev Pechersk Lavra , and brotherhoods received the status of the Stauro region of the Patriarch of Constantinople since the 16th century .

literature

  • Gerardo Österle: De monasterio stauropegiaco . In: Il Diritto Ecclesiastico , vol. 64 (1953), pp. 450-460 (Latin).
  • Heinz Ohme : Stavropigiale monasteries . In: Religion Past and Present (RGG), 4th Edition, Vol. 7:. R-S . Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2004, ISBN 978-3-16-149634-9 , Sp. 1695-1696.

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ Stauropegion The great foreign dictionary
  2. ↑ a b Heinz Ohme: Stavropigiale monasteries . In: RGG, 4th ed., Vol. 7, col. 1695.
  3. ↑ Josef Wohlmuth (ed.): Conciliorum oecumenicorum decreta , Vol. 1: Councils of the first millennium. From the Council of Nicea (325) to the Fourth Council of Constantinople (869/70) . Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, 2nd, reviewed edition 1998, ISBN 3-506-79806-5 , p. 75 ff .: The Council of Chalcedon , Can. 4th
  4. ^ Gerardo Österle: De monasterio stauropegiaco . In: Il Diritto Ecclesiastico , vol. 64 (1953), pp. 450-460, here p. 450.
  5. ↑ Stauropegion Encyclopedia of Ukraine (English)