Stele Maraş 12
The stele Maraş 12 is a late Hittite monument with a dining scene from the area around Maraş in southern Turkey . It is exhibited in the Archaeological Museum Kahramanmaraş and has the inventory number 229. It is called Maraş 12 by John D. Hawkins and Maraş A / 2 by Winfried Orthmann .
Research history
The stele was found in the garden of a Musa Karahan in the Yörükselim district of Maraş (today the Turkish provincial capital Kahramanmaraş). It was brought to the local museum in 1963. It was first described in 1964 by the Turkish archaeologist Mustafa Kalaç in the Jaarbericht van het vooraziatisch-Egyptisch genootschap Ex Oriente Lux. It was described by the German archaeologist Winfried Orthmann in 1971 in the research on late Hittite art . Piero Meriggi discussed them in 1975 in the second part of his Manuale di Eteo Geroglifico. The British Hittitologist John D. Hawkins discussed the piece in 2000 in the Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions.
description
The basalt monument is Kalac as Orthostat called, later there will be a stele interpreted. Since it has broken edges on all sides, an exact classification is not possible. It shows a dining scene with two people, the upper right part of which has been broken off. The figures are shown in flat relief, the surfaces are smoothed and not worked into shape. The man sitting on a chair on the left has a rectangular beard with individual, wavy strands. The hair is rolled up at the nape of the neck and straight on the head, possibly representing headgear. He wears a long fringed robe that is held together by a belt with a long hanging tassel. The right hand holds a stick, the left brings a mug to his mouth. The right, female figure also wears a long dress with fringes and a veil that falls over her left arm to the hem of the robe. Her head is broken off, and in her left hand she is holding an object that Hawkins takes for a spindle and Orthmann for a beaker. The object in the right hand is missing, Hawkins suspects a mirror, Orthmann a pomegranate. The very small feet of both people, shown in the picture, have curved tips and stand on footstools. A dining table stands between the figures, underneath a right-facing horse or mule can be seen. Apart from riding and chariot scenes, it is the only known representation of equidae on late Hittite reliefs. The Near Eastern archaeologist Jan-Waalke Meyer suggests an interpretation as an indication of the presence of a protective deity.
Remains of three hieroglyphic Luwian characters can be seen in front of the man's face , according to Hawkins probably part of the name of the male figure. The portrait is assigned to the period Sph. II , i.e. in the early 9th century BC Dated and assigned to the Late Hittite Kingdom of Gurgum .
literature
- Mustafa Kalaç: A weather god stele and three reliefs in the Museum zu Maraş In: Jaarbericht van het vooraziatisch-Egyptisch genootschap Ex Oriente Lux 18, 1964, p. 282.
- Winfried Orthmann: Studies on late Hittite art. (= Saarbrücker contributions to antiquity, vol. 8) Habelt, Bonn 1971, ISBN 978-3774911222 , pp. 85, 367, 524 plate 43i.
- John David Hawkins: Corpus of hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions . Vol 1. Inscriptions of the Iron Age . Part 1: Introduction, Karatepe, Karkamiš, Tell Ahmar, Maraş, Malatya, Commagene. de Gruyter, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-11-010864-X , p. 275 plate 126.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jan-Waalke Meyer: The Iron Age stamp seals from the 'Amuq area a contribution to the iconography of ancient oriental seal images . Saint-Paul, 2008, ISBN 978-3-7278-1636-9 , pp. 233 ( limited preview in Google Book search).