Stochastic cooling

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Stochastic cooling is a method to form a particle beam in a high-energy physics - Experiment to cool, d. H. to reduce the size of the particle packet in phase space . The name cooling comes from the fact that the movement of the particles relative to one another decreases. The process was developed under the leadership of Simon van der Meer at the Intersecting Storage Rings at the CERN research center. He received half of the Nobel Prize in Physics for this in 1984 , when the process was used to feed an antiproton beam into the Super Proton Synchrotron storage ring at CERN and thus directly detect the W and Z bosons .

functionality

Stochastic cooling tries specifically to determine the phase space position of particles with a sensor and then to move them to the center of the volume. The Liouville's theorem , which states that phase space volumes of conservative forces can not be changed, this will not hurt, since it is of electromagnetic fields just not in the targeted, short-term use to conservative forces. The first sensor, the so-called pick-up , measures, for example, the deviation of the particle from the circular path in the storage ring and forwards this information to the kicker , which is located at a different location in the storage ring. This then pushes the particle in the direction of a circular path. Due to the large number of particles in the beam, kicker signals from various particles or beam parts are superimposed . Since this effect is canceled out on average, this only has a second-order effect on the remaining particles.

use

Stochastic cooling is currently used at the Antiproton Decelerator at CERN. The technology is also used at RHIC , CERN , GSI and COZY . Stochastic cooling was also used at the antiproton source of the Tevatron at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Intersecting Storage Rings. Retrieved September 22, 2018 .