Structural bionics
In the structure Bionics is a certain form of bionics . Structures from biology are analyzed here. You can refer to the structure of plant cells up to whole organisms . When researching certain structures, work is primarily problem-specific. For this purpose, it is primarily evaluated according to benefit, efficiency and environmental friendliness. The transfer of natural structures into technology finds its place wherever there is constant research into light, resilient and also more cost-effective forms. Together with previous technical knowledge, for example in the selection of materials, an end product is finally developed. The result should ultimately optimize the product according to expectations.
history
Structural bionics is by no means a recent achievement. Biotic structures were already adapted for technical applications in ancient times . For example, the statics of the frame construction in boat building could be learned by studying the chest of water birds and reconstructed with suitably shaped wood. The Umiaks of the Eskimos are also based on the biological structure of the chest by upcycling whale bones and fur.
Examples of structural bionics
In the case of constructions, however, it must be differentiated whether the natural structure is of any use. Abstractions of natural structures are popular in architecture. Often these are only used as inspiration for the design and therefore usually have no positive effects on the properties of the construction. The Beijing National Stadium is rightly nicknamed the "Bird's Nest". It resembles a normal bird's nest, but the structure was only based on the appearance and has hardly any static advantages.
The honeycomb shape, which is not only present in the honeycomb but also, for example, in the cross section of the sea rod Durvillaea antarctica , is already used in many areas today. The special hexagonal shape of the honeycomb ensures perfect use of space, as there are no gaps between the individual honeycombs. A simple example of the use of this structure is the sandwich panel with a honeycomb core . Here the honeycomb core ensures a high level of stability for the panel despite the resulting weight reduction. Since the use of the structure saves quantities of material, it is also used in means of transport, such as in automobile and aircraft construction and in space travel . Here, too, it ensures lower weight and greater stability.
This structure is also used in the manufacture of sandwich panels . The honeycomb also provides sound insulation . Nowadays, honeycomb construction techniques are widely used. Not only furniture, such as shelves, but also entire houses are built in the efficient form.
This clearly shows that structural bionics has and always will have a major influence on our construction methods. Research is being carried out on other structures that will soon find their use in everyday life.
Example: honeycomb structure
honeycomb
schematic structure
Honeycomb cardboard
in vehicle construction
in space travel
literature
- Werner Nachtigall: Bionics as a science. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-10319-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ F. Tala, I. Gomez, G. Luna-Jorquera, M. Thiel: Morphological, physiological and reproductive conditions of rafting bull kelp (Durvillaea antarctica) in northern-central Chile (30 ° S). In: Marine Biology. 160 (6), 2013, pp. 1339-1351. doi: 10.1007 / s00227-013-2186-8
- ↑ Honeycomb core components in vehicle construction
- ↑ Honeycomb cores sold by the meter