Subcortical dementia
Subcortical (or frontal-subcortical ) dementias are rare forms of dementia that must be ruled out as part of a differential diagnosis during dementia work-up.
According to Jeffrey Cummings , dementias can be divided into cortical and subcortical dementias. These differ not only according to the location of the cerebral damage ( cerebral cortex or basal ganglia ), but also according to their clinical appearance. A classic example of cortical dementia is Alzheimer's disease .
Classification
Degenerative genesis
- Dementia in Parkinson's Syndrome
- Multiple system atrophy
- Corticobasal degeneration
- Chorea huntington
- Progressive supranuclear palsy
- Spinocerebellar ataxia
- Neuroacanthocytosis
- Thalamic degeneration
- Idiopathic calcification of the basal ganglia
Vascular genesis
Metabolic genesis
Demyelination process as the cause
- Dementia in multiple sclerosis
- AIDS dementia complex
Other causes
- Subcortical sarcoid
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus
- Dementia pugilistica
- Neuro-Beheet's disease
- Depressive pseudodementia
- Altitude sickness
- Side effect of interferon alpha therapy
- Pernicious anemia
Clinical appearance
The focus is less on the disturbance of the memory performance , but rather on a dyexecutive syndrome , dysarthria , bradyphrenia (slowed thinking), depression , bent posture, coordination disorders , gait disorders and other movement disorders ( chorea , tics , dystonia , tremor , akinesia ).
literature
- ML Albert: Subcortical dementia: historical review and personal view. In: Neurocase. 2005; 11 (4), pp. 243-245.
- RM Bonelli, JL Cummings: Frontal-subcortical dementias. In: Neurologist. 2008 Mar; 14 (2), pp. 100-107.
- JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia. Oxford University Press, New York 1990.
- MA Turner, NF Moran, MD Kopelman: Subcortical dementia. In: Br J Psychiatry. 2002; 180, pp. 148-151.
Individual evidence
- ^ JL Cummings: Introduction. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 3-16.
- ↑ M. Freedman: Parkinson's disease. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 108-122.
- ^ WW Beatty, KA Ryder, ST Gontkovsky, JG Scott, KL McSwan, KJ Bharucha: Analyzing the subcortical dementia syndrome of Parkinson's disease using the RBANS. In: Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2003; 18 (5), pp. 509-520.
- ↑ TH Bak, LM Crawford, VC Hearn, PS Mathuranath, JR Hodges: Subcortical dementia revisited: similarities and differences in cognitive function between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). In: Neurocase. 2005; 11 (4), pp. 268-273.
- ↑ KK Zakzanis: The subcortical dementia of Huntington's disease. In: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1998; 20 (4), pp. 565-578.
- ↑ PL McHugh, ME Folstein: Psychiatric syndromes in Huntington's disease. In: DF Benson, D. Blumer (Eds.): Psychiatric aspects of neurologic diseases. Grune and Stratton, New York 1975, pp. 267-285.
- ↑ A. Magherini, I. Litvan: Cognitive and behavioral aspects of PSP since Steele, Richardson and Olszewski's description of PSP 40 years ago and Albert's delineation of the subcortical dementia 30 years ago. In: Neurocase. 2005; 11 (4), pp. 250-262.
- ^ ML Albert, RG Feldman, AL Willis: The 'subcortical dementia' of progressive supranuclear palsy. In: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1974; 37 (2), pp. 121-130.
- ↑ KD McDaniel: Thalamic degeneration. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 132-144.
- ↑ D. Stuss, JL Cummings: Subcortical vascular dementia. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 145-163.
- ^ RM Bonelli, JL Cummings: Frontal-subcortical dementias . Neurologist. 2008 Mar; 14 (2), pp. 100-107. PMID 18332839 .
- ↑ C. Lang, D. Müller, D. Claus, KF Druschky: Neuropsychological findings in treated Wilson's disease . In: Acta Neurol Scand. 1990 Jan; 81 (1), pp. 75-81. PMID 2330819 .
- ↑ SM Rao: Multiple sclerosis. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 164-180.
- ^ B. Navia: The AIDS dementia complex. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 181-198.
- ^ DA King, ED Caine: Depression. In: JL Cummings (Ed.): Subcortical dementia . Oxford University Press, New York 1990, pp. 218-230.
- ^ ED Caine: Pseudodementia. Current concepts and future directions. In: Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1981; 38 (12), pp. 1359-1364.
- ↑ C. Usui, Y. Inoue, M. Kimura, et al .: Irreversible subcortical dementia following high altitude illness. In: High Alt Med Biol. 2004; 5 (1), pp. 77-81.
- ^ GJ Gilbert: Recombinant interferon-alpha-induced chorea and frontal subcortical dementia. In: Neurology. 2002; 59 (11), p. 1821; author reply 1821.
- ↑ A. Moulignier, S. Allo, R. Zittoun, O. Gout: Recombinant interferon-alpha-induced chorea and frontal subcortical dementia. In: Neurology. 2002; 58 (2), pp. 328-330.
- ↑ E. Saracaceanu, AV Tramoni, JM Henry: An association between subcortical dementia and pernicious anemia - a psychiatric mask. In: Compr Psychiatry. 1997; 38 (6), pp. 349-351.