Central sulcus

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Central sulcus
Central sulcus

Sulcus centralis ( Latin for central furrow ) is an anatomical term and describes the furrow present in humans and higher mammalsthat separates the frontal and parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex . The cerebral convolutions immediately in front of and behind it are called the precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus, respectively. The central sulcus is connected to the interhemispheric gap and separates the (frontal) motor cortex from the (parietal) somatosensory cortex .

The sulcus centralis was first described in 1786 by the French neuroanatomist Vicq d'Azyr . However, the first description was later erroneously assigned to the Italian anatomist Luigi Rolando (1773-1831) by François Leuret (1797-1851) . Since then, the central sulcus has been referred to as fissura Rolandi or rolandic fissure , especially in the English and French-speaking regions . The German equivalent of Rolando-Fissur is considered out of date.

The term "Zentralfurche" was coined by the German anatomist Emil Huschke (1797-1858).

Identification in radiological cross-sectional diagnostics

In computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography , reliable identification of the central sulcus is often one of the first steps for the correct localization of a finding. Various strategies have been established for this, depending on the cutting plane. Examples:

Axially Sagittal
Sulcus centralis - Identification axial - MRI T2.jpg
Sulcus centralis - Identification sagittal - MRI T2.jpg
  1. Lateral from the interhemispheric gap: superior frontal gyrus
  2. Lateral of it: Sulcus frontalis superior (green)
  3. This meets the precentral sulcus (blue) posteriorly
  4. Dorsal of this precentral gyrus
  5. Dorsal of this sulcus centralis (red)
  1. In the paramedian section: corpus callosum
  2. Above that cingulate gyrus
  3. Above it, sulcus cinguli (blue) with
  4. Ramus marginalis to the edge of the mantle
  5. In front of it postcentral gyrus
  6. In front of the sulcus centralis (red)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (1998). Terminologia Anatomica . Stuttgart: Thieme
  2. ^ Félix Vicq d'Azyr: Traité d'anatomie et de physiologie, avec des planches coloriées représentant au naturel les divers organes de l'homme et des animaux. Didot l'Aîné, Paris 1786.
  3. ^ Emil Huschke: Skull, brain and soul of humans and animals according to age, sex and race. Represented according to new methods and studies . Mauke, Jena 1854.
  4. ↑ Seminar documents Neuroradiology University of Munich (PDF; 15.0 MB)