Symporter
A symporter is a protein that mediates membrane transport of at least two molecules in the same direction. Other types of membrane transport proteins are antiporters and uniporters .
properties
A symporter is a membrane protein that enables the transport of several molecules in the same direction ( symport ) mostly through secondary active transport. The secondary active transport is energetically driven by a gradient in the concentration of one of the transported molecule types, which was built up with the consumption of adenosine triphosphate (hence the name secondary active ). Some symporters, on the other hand, consume ATP ( primarily active ) during the symport .
Symporters can be divided into different classes, including dopamine plasma membrane transport proteins, GABA plasma membrane transport proteins, glutamate plasma membrane transport proteins, glycine plasma membrane transport proteins, norepinephrine plasma membrane transport proteins, proton phosphate symporters, serotonin plasma membrane transport proteins , Sodium chloride symporters, sodium glucose transport proteins, sodium bicarbonate symporters, sodium proline symporters, sodium phosphate cotransporters proteins and sodium potassium chloride symporters.
literature
- Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer : Biochemistry. 5th edition. Freeman, New York 2002, ISBN 0-7167-4684-0 , available online from the NCBI Bookshelf.
- Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet: Biochemistry. 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York 2004. ISBN 0-471-19350-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ MG Wolfersberger: Uniporters, symporters and antiporters. In: The Journal of experimental biology. Volume 196, November 1994, pp. 5-6, ISSN 0022-0949 . PMID 7823043 .