Synchronous Optical Network
The Synchronous Optical Network ( SONET ) is a multiplex technology standardized by ANSI for synchronous data streams and was designed for transmission rates from 51.84 Mbit / s to 2.5 Gbit / s. The transmission takes place via fiber optics using lasers or coherent light or LEDs . At low tape rates, the data can also be transmitted via electrical interfaces. It was developed by the American Bell Labs (Bellcore).
The ITU standard Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) from 1988 is based on the older SONET ; The specifications of SONET and SDH are identical except for small differences in the header of a frame and offer the same transmission speeds. Therefore multiplexers operating according to SONET and SDH are compatible.
SONET hierarchy
Data rates of the SONET hierarchy ( Optical Carrier N ):
| level | Abbr. | Transfer rate |
| Optical Carrier Level 1 | OC-1 | 52 Mbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 3 | OC-3 | 155 Mbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 9 | OC-9 | 466 Mbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 12 | OC-12 | 622 Mbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 18 | OC-18 | 933 Mbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 24 | OC-24 | 1.2 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 36 | OC-36 | 1.8 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 48 | OC-48 | 2.4 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 96 | OC-96 | 4.8 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 192 | OC-192 | 9.6 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 768 | OC-768 | 40 Gbit / s |
| Optical Carrier Level 3072 | OC-3072 | 160 Gbit / s |
Note : The exact speeds are obtained by multiplying the basic value (OC-1) with the corresponding level. More precisely, OC-1 corresponds to: 51,840,000 bit / s ( transmission rate ) and 49,438,000 bit / s ( user data rate ).
See also
Web links
- Synchronous Optical Network (accessed March 29, 2018)
- Synchronous Optical Networking Service (SONETS) (accessed March 29, 2018)
- Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) (accessed March 29, 2018)
- Optical Networks Tutorial (accessed March 29, 2018)