Tübingen Memorandum
The Tübingen Memorandum was a memorandum addressed to the German Bundestag , written in 1961 by Protestant celebrities and scholars, including Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker and Werner Heisenberg . They spoke out against nuclear armament and in favor of recognizing the Oder-Neisse border .
After the declaration of the Göttingen Eighteen, the memorandum was the second initiative by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker in which he opposed Germany's nuclear armament. It was signed on November 6, 1961 and sent to members of the German Bundestag. It was publicly published on February 24, 1962. In its explanation, the motto “ Dare more democracy ” appeared for the first time , which was later adopted by Willy Brandt and originally attributed to him.
The signatories of the memorandum were:
- Hellmut Becker , Kreßbronn;
- President D. Joachim Beckmann , Düsseldorf;
- Artistic Director Klaus von Bismarck , Cologne;
- Werner Heisenberg , Munich;
- Günter Howe , Heidelberg;
- Georg Picht , Hinterzarten;
- Ludwig Raiser , Tübingen;
- Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker , Hamburg.
literature
- Göttinger Arbeitskreis (ed.): The Tübingen Memorandum of Eight: On his foreign policy theses , 3rd edition, Göttingen, 1962.
- Richard von Weizsäcker : “Four Times” memories. Siedler-Verlag Berlin 1997, chapter “Transition to the policy of détente; the neighbor Poland; Ostdenkschrift der Evangelischen Kirche ”, page 197, ISBN 3-442-75558-1 .
- Martin Greschat : “More truth in politics!”. The Tübingen Memorandum from 1961 , in: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte , 48th volume, issue 3, July 2000, pages 491-513 ( PDF ).
- Martin Greschat: Protestantism in the Federal Republic of Germany 1945-2000 . Leipzig 2011. pp. 80-85.
Web links
- Marion Countess Dönhoff , " Lobbyists of Reason - The Memorandum of Eight: A Critical Assessment of Bonn Politics ", Die Zeit No. 9, March 2, 1962.
- The wording of the Tübingen Memorandum: “ The Memorandum of Eight. Scientists warn against complacency and illusions ”, Die Zeit No. 9, March 2, 1962.
- Richard von Weizsäcker , “ For a Foreign Policy of Adjustment ”, DIE ZEIT No. 31, August 3, 1962.