TAM Linhas Aéreas Flight 402
| TAM Linhas Aéreas Flight 402 | |
|---|---|
 The plane involved in the accident at São Paulo-Congonhas Airport on March 14, 1996, 7 months before the accident |
|
| Accident summary | |
| Accident type | Loss of control |
| place | São Paulo , Brazil |
| date | October 31, 1996 |
| Fatalities | 95 |
| Survivors | 0 |
| Fatalities on the ground | 4th |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Fokker 100 |
| operator | TAM |
| Mark | PT-MRK |
| Departure airport | Sao Paulo-Congonhas Airport |
| Destination airport | Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont Airport |
| Passengers | 89 |
| crew | 6th |
| Lists of aviation accidents | |
On October 31, 1996 fell Fokker 100 on domestic scheduled flights TAM Linhas Aéreas flight-402 from the Congonhas airport to airport Rio de Janeiro Santos Dumont shortly after takeoff from. All 95 inmates and 4 people on the ground died. So far (March 2020) it is the worst accident of this type of aircraft.
plane
The affected TAM aircraft with the registration number PT-MRK was a 3-year-old Fokker 100 , which was equipped with 2 Rolls-Royce Tay 620-15 and which had completed its first flight on February 8, 1993.
course
At 8:25 a.m. local time, the pilots were given take-off clearance for runway 17R. At 8:26 am, the thrust levers were set to the starting thrust. The failure of the automatic thrust control was indicated during acceleration. The aircraft took off at 8:26:36 a.m. and climbed. Shortly afterwards, the thrust reverser was activated in the right engine, which reduced the pressure ratio there and the aircraft rolled to the right . The captain tried to counteract this with the ailerons and rudder , while the first officer pushed the thrust levers forward. However, these were automatically withdrawn and then manually pushed forward again. The captain then ordered the automatic thrust control to be switched off. The right engine thrust lever was then pulled back into idle. The first officer confirmed that he had deactivated the automatic thrust control and pushed the thrust lever forward again, whereupon the aircraft lost speed, rolled to the right and finally at 8:27:02 a.m. hit a building and hit the densely populated residential area.
root cause
The Brazilian authority CENIPA , which investigated the accident, identified the unintentional activation of the thrust reverser in the right engine as the cause of the accident. The situation was made more critical by the fact that there were no warnings to indicate this and the pilots were not trained for such a case (the probability was given as 1: 1,000,000), which is why they suspected a failure of the automatic thrust system, which they were during warned of takeoff. Because of this, the pilots misinterpreted the safety system, which reduced the thrust, and repeatedly pushed the thrust lever of the right engine forward until the cable of the system tore and the system was disabled. As a result of the accident, CENIPA issued 39 recommendations.
Representation in the media
- Crash over Sao Paulo. (Original title: Carnage In Sao Paulo ). Mayday alarm in the cockpit [Season 15; Episode 10].
Similar cases
- When a military transporter crashed in 1990, the thrust reverser of the outer left engine of a Lockheed C-5A Galaxy opened automatically immediately after taking off from Ramstein Air Base. 13 of the 17 inmates were killed.
- On Lauda Air flight 004 (1991), the reverse thrust of a Boeing 767 also opened independently and unilaterally, causing the aircraft to crash.
- When Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314 , a crashed Boeing 737-200 of Pacific Western Airlines from because the go-around thrust reverser has been activated in the left engine. Of the 49 inmates, 42 were killed.
Web links
- Aircraft accident data and report for the Fokker 100 PT-MRK in the Aviation Safety Network , accessed on December 30, 2018.
- Aircraft accident data and report of the aircraft accident number 62 from 1996 in the Accident Database of Plane Crash Info (English), accessed on June 24, 2017
Coordinates: 23 ° 38 ′ 46.8 ″ S , 46 ° 38 ′ 51.6 ″ W.