Day care

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Child day care refers to the upbringing, education and care of children by a child day care person (colloquially also known as child minders, child minders, child minders). According to Section 22, Paragraph 1, Sentence 2 of Book VIII of the Social Code, it is provided by a suitable day care person in one's own household, in the household of the legal guardian (usually the parents) or in rented rooms.

Germany

According to the Day Care Expansion Act of 2004 (a law amending SGB ​​VIII ), child day care is an equivalent form of child day care alongside day care in day care centers.

Day care is a family-like form of care and is mainly used for children under three years of age. The individual support, the family care situation and the high flexibility in terms of time are seen as a major advantage of day care compared to daycare. A day care person who is professionally, personally and health-wise looks after one to five children. She needs suitable rooms and a care permit. Some state laws (or ordinances) make more detailed specifications about the suitability of the person or the rooms. Sometimes the mediating and financing youth welfare offices also have their own assessment criteria.

Since 2006, all child day care workers have had to demonstrate educational qualifications and a first aid course on children. The standard was a scope of 160 teaching units. Since 2015, a qualification of 300 hours has been established, as well as an internship and learning outcome assessment.

Child day care is also possible in a “large day care center”. In large day care, several day care workers work together and look after their day children in shared rooms. As a rule, special rooms - e.g. B. a suitable apartment - rented or furnished. In the large day care center, at least one childminder must usually be a pedagogical specialist. The advantage of large day care centers lies in their greater flexibility: costs for rooms can be shared and day care workers can represent each other, so that the risk of failure associated with the illness of a day care person can be reduced. The costs for the municipalities are much lower than for the promotion of day care places. In 2017 there were 3368 large nursing homes in Germany.

The number of daycare workers increased by 43 percent from 2006 to 2017.

Entitlement to care and financing

The youth welfare office or a specialist service commissioned by the youth welfare office arranges child day care. As in the daycare center, the parents participate and pay either to the youth welfare office or to the day care worker.

Since August 1, 2013, all children from one year of age have a legal right to a childcare place in a day-care center or in day care. The legal claim can be sued .

Newer development

In view of the lack of places for younger children, day care and large day care are becoming increasingly important in the context of the debate about the compatibility of family and work . The recognizable professionalization (qualification, social and accident insurance of day care workers) changes this activity from paid, voluntary childcare to a job. The income is taxable. In March 2017, the parents of 162,395 children used publicly funded day care. How many children are looked after by privately financed child minders has not been statistically recorded.

Austria

Childcare with child minders is handled differently in Austria depending on the federal state. However, according to the agreement on the expansion of the institutional childcare offer between the federal government and the federal states, child minders are all trained in the relevant specialist areas and have official approval in accordance with the relevant laws. In Vorarlberg, specialist selection, training, further education and support for child minders takes place via the Vorarlberger Tagesmütter non-profit GmbH. The legal framework for childcare with a childminder is regulated in the Youth Welfare Act. Among other things, this provides information about the care permit that every childminder must have, the care supervision that is provided by the GmbH in cooperation with the JWF and the permitted number of children that can be cared for. The child minders offer their care in their own apartment or house. The family-like care is very flexible and tailored to the wishes and needs of the children and their parents. Social learning and educational support can take place in small, mixed-age groups. The childminder can respond to the children and encourage and support them.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, childcare providers are primarily placed through regional day-care centers (day-care associations). They conclude performance agreements with the municipalities, which often also offer subsidized tariffs for parents. The respective municipalities are responsible for supervising childcare providers. The placement of a day family, invoicing, wage payments and insurance matters are the responsibility of the day family associations. It is also required that the child minders have sufficient basic education (basic course for child minders from the KibeSuisse association, emergency course for small children) and take part in regular further training courses.

There are also day parents who offer their services on a private basis. Education, insurance coverage and independent supervision of childminders are unclear there.

See also

literature

  • ZeT - magazine for child mothers and fathers, Klett-Kita-Verlag. Subscription magazine.
  • Ilka Köhler: Praxis Kindertagespflege: Raumgestaltung , 1st edition 2013, Cornelsen Scriptor, ISBN 978-3589248209

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Book eight of the Social Security Code, Child and Youth Welfare Act, Chapter Two - Youth Welfare Services (Sections 11 - 41), Section Three - Promotion of Children in Day Care Centers and Day Care (Sections 22 - 26), Section 22 Funding Principles
  2. ↑ § 24 SGB 8 - single standard. Retrieved March 26, 2018 .
  3. ^ A b c State & Society - Child and Youth Welfare - Federal Statistical Office (Destatis). Retrieved March 26, 2018 .
  4. ↑ § 23 SGB 8 - single standard. Retrieved March 26, 2018 .
  5. ^ Preussische Allgemeine Zeitung, episode 43-10 of October 30, 2010
  6. ↑ Article 4 number 2 of the agreement ( Federal Law Gazette I No. 85/2014 )
This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.