Tanganyika African National Union
The Tanganyika African National Union ( TANU ) was formed in 1953 under the leadership of Julius K. Nyerere , who later became President of Tanganyika or Tanzania , from the Tanganyika African Association (TAA) and was recognized by the UN as a " national movement " in the same year .
Development of the TANU
The TAA was founded in 1929. Until 1953 it was a "social club" for black officials in British service.
In 1952 Nyerere joined the TAA. A year later he became president and converted the TAA into a political party. At the head of the party, Nyerere was now able to pursue his ideas ( Ujamaa ) more consistently and for the first time to present them to a wide audience, such as the UN .
TANU's slogan became Uhuru na umoja ( Swahili for “Freedom and Unity”), which is Tanzania's motto to this day .
After Britain allowed limited self-government in 1960, the TANU won the elections. In 1961 Nyerere became Prime Minister of Tanganyika. In 1962 Tanganyika became a republic within the Commonwealth , with Nyerere as president and head of government. In the late 1960s, Nyerere broke with key TANU activists: Ministers Michael Kamaliza and Bibi Titi Mohammed were the most prominent victims of this wave of purges and were convicted in a show trial.
At Nyerere's suggestion, TANU and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) of Zanzibar merged in 1977 to form Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM; Swahili for "Party of Revolution").