Tapejaridae

Tapejaridae
	Head reconstructions of various Tapejaridae
Temporal occurrence
	Lower Cretaceous
	approx. 120 to 110 million years
Locations
	Brazil ( Santana formation ); China ( Jehol Group );
Systematics
	Archosauria
	Ornithodira
	Flugsaurier (Pterosauria)
	Short-tailed pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea)
	Azhdarchoidea
	Tapejaridae
Scientific name
	Tapejaridae
	Waiter , 1989

The Tapejaridae are a family of pterosaurs whose fossil remains have been found in China , Brazil , Morocco, and Spain .

The Tapejaridae are divided into two subfamilies: The Tapejarinae with the genera Huaxiapterus , Sinopterus , Tapejara and Tupandactylus and the Thalassodrominae with the genera Thalassodromeus and Tupuxuara . A study by Lü et al. (2008) came to the conclusion that the Thalassodrominae are more closely related to the Azhdarchidae than to the Tapejaridae and summarized them in a separate family, the Tupuxuaridae . A study by Martill & Naish (2006) on the other hand assigned the Thalassodrominae to the Neoazhdarchia .

Here is the classic system with a list of species:

Tapejaridae
- Tapejarinae
  - Afrotapejara
  - Caiuajara
  - Eopteranodon
  - Europejara
  - Huaxiapterus
  - Sinopterus
  - Tapejara
  - Tupandactylus
- Thalassodrominae
  - Thalassodromeus
  - Tupuxuara

With a rearrangement of the Thalassodrominae, the Tapejaridae would be paraphyletic . The following is a cladogram according to Martil & Naish (2006), which favors the separation of the Thalassodrominae:

Azhdarchoidea

Neoazdarchia

Tapejaridae

Tapejara navigans

Sinopterus dongi

	Tupandactylus imperator

	Tapejara wellnhoferi

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Alexander WA Kellner, Diogenes A. Campos: Short note on the ingroup relationships of the Tapejaridae (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea). In: Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Geologia. Vol. 75, 2007, ISSN 0080-3200 , pp. 1-14.
↑ David M. Martill, Günter Bechly , Sam W. Heads: Appendix: species list for the Crato Formation. In: David M. Martill, Günter Bechly, Robert F. Loveridge (Eds.): The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil. Window into an Ancient World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-85867-0 , pp. 582-607, online (PDF; 139.55 KB) ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: Der Archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2

↑ Junchang Lü, David M. Unwin, Li Xu, Xingliao Zhang: A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China and its implications for pterosaur phylogeny and evolution. In: The natural sciences . Vol. 95, No. 9, 2008, pp. 891-897, doi : 10.1007 / s00114-008-0397-5 .

↑ ^a ^b David M. Martill, Darren Naish: Cranial crest development in the azhdarchoid pterosaur Tupuxuara, with a review of the genus and tapejarid monophyly. In: Palaeontology. Vol. 49, No. 4, 2006, ISSN 0031-0239 , pp. 925-941, doi : 10.1111 / j.1475-4983.2006.00575.x .

↑ Martill, DM, Smith, R., Unwin, DM, Kao, A., McPhee, J., & Ibrahim, N .: A new tapejarid (Pterosauria, Azhdarchoidea) from the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem beds of Takmout, southern Morocco . In: Cretaceous Research . Volume 112, no. 104424 , 2020.

↑ Paulo C. Manzig, Alexander WA Kellner, Luiz C. Weinschütz, Carlos E. Fragoso, Cristina S. Vega, Gilson B. Guimarães, Luiz C. Godoy, Antonio Liccardo, João HZ Ricetti, Camila C. de Moura: Discovery of a Rare Pterosaur Bone Bed in a Cretaceous Desert with Insights on Ontogeny and Behavior of Flying Reptiles. In: PLOS ONE . Vol. 9, No. 8, 2014, e100005, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0100005 .

[Kellner-1] Alexander WA Kellner, Diogenes A. Campos: Short note on the ingroup relationships of the Tapejaridae (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea). In: Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Geologia. Vol. 75, 2007, ISSN 0080-3200 , pp. 1-14.

[2] David M. Martill, Günter Bechly , Sam W. Heads: Appendix: species list for the Crato Formation. In: David M. Martill, Günter Bechly, Robert F. Loveridge (Eds.): The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil. Window into an Ancient World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 2007, ISBN 978-0-521-85867-0 , pp. 582-607, online (PDF; 139.55 KB) ( Memento of the original from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: Der Archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2

[3] Junchang Lü, David M. Unwin, Li Xu, Xingliao Zhang: A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China and its implications for pterosaur phylogeny and evolution. In: The natural sciences . Vol. 95, No. 9, 2008, pp. 891-897, doi : 10.1007 / s00114-008-0397-5 .

[Martill-4] David M. Martill, Darren Naish: Cranial crest development in the azhdarchoid pterosaur Tupuxuara, with a review of the genus and tapejarid monophyly. In: Palaeontology. Vol. 49, No. 4, 2006, ISSN 0031-0239 , pp. 925-941, doi : 10.1111 / j.1475-4983.2006.00575.x .

[5] Martill, DM, Smith, R., Unwin, DM, Kao, A., McPhee, J., & Ibrahim, N .: A new tapejarid (Pterosauria, Azhdarchoidea) from the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem beds of Takmout, southern Morocco . In: Cretaceous Research . Volume 112, no. 104424 , 2020.

[6] Paulo C. Manzig, Alexander WA Kellner, Luiz C. Weinschütz, Carlos E. Fragoso, Cristina S. Vega, Gilson B. Guimarães, Luiz C. Godoy, Antonio Liccardo, João HZ Ricetti, Camila C. de Moura: Discovery of a Rare Pterosaur Bone Bed in a Cretaceous Desert with Insights on Ontogeny and Behavior of Flying Reptiles. In: PLOS ONE . Vol. 9, No. 8, 2014, e100005, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0100005 .