Tersilochus fulvipes

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tersilochus fulvipes
Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Family : Wasps (Ichneumonidae)
Subfamily : Tersilochinae
Genre : Tersilochus
Type : Tersilochus fulvipes
Scientific name
Tersilochus fulvipes
( Gravenhorst , 1829)

Tersilochus fulvipes is a solitary parasitic wasp from the Ichneumonidae family .

Occurrence

Tersilochus fulvipes is widespread in Central Europe and has been found in Germany , Austria , France , Hungary and Switzerland , as well as in the former Czechoslovakia .

Way of life

Tersilochus fulvipes is an endoparasitoid of the larvae of the great rapeseed weevil ( Ceutorhynchus napi ).

In the way of life, Tersilochus fulvipes is very similar to Tersilochus obscurator . At the end of April / beginning of May the parasitic wasps hatch from the cocoons in the soil of last year's rapeseed fields . The adult parasitic wasps feed on nectar . They first look for early bloomers on the field edge. When the rapeseed bloom begins, they can then be found in the rapeseed field. The females of the parasitic wasps look for the larvae of the rape stem weevil (host larva), which mine in the main shoots of the rape plants. They let themselves be guided by the scents of the plant or the vibrations of the host larvae. As soon as a larva is found, the female pierces the plant tissue with her ovipositor and lays a single egg into the host larva. The host's way of life is initially not disturbed. The larva of Tersilochus fulvipes hatches from the egg and does not initially affect the host larvae. Only when the host larva is in the last larval study does the larva of the parasitoid show a strong increase in growth. The host larva is killed once they are in the ground in a cocoon for Präpuppe has changed. The larva of Tersilochus fulvipes then hatches from the dead host larva and spins its own silk cocoon in the cocoon of the host larva. It hibernates there as an adult parasitic wasp ready to hatch. Only one generation is formed each year. Multiple occupations of the host larva are possible, ie several eggs can be laid in one larva by different females of the parasitic wasp ( superparasitization ).

In addition to the volatile fragrances, the plant architecture is also of importance for parasitization . Rapeseed varieties with long main shoots make it difficult to find the host animals in the stem. Tersichlochus fulvipes is also attracted by the yellow color effect, which is why it can often be found in the yellow bowls . There are more males than females in the yellow bowls. The cause is probably a different activity of the sexes.

Synonyms

Tersilochus gibbus Holmgren, Porizon fulvipes (Gravenhorst), Thersilochus fulvipes (Gravenhorst) ssp. gallicator Aubert

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ingrid H. Williams: Crop location by oilseed rape pests and host location by their parasitoids. In: IH Williams (Ed.): Biocontrol-Based Integrated Management of Oilseed Rape Pests. Springer Netherlands, 2010 ISBN 9048139821
  2. ↑ a b B. Ulber (2003): Parasitoids of Ceutorhynchid Stem Weevils. In: David V. Alford (Ed.): Biocontrol of Oilseed Rape Pests. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-632-05427-1
  3. ↑ B. Ulber, K. Fischer: Effect of plant density and host plant architecture on the abundance and with-in plant distribution of stem-mining pests and the level of parasitism. Proceedings of the Symposium on Integrated Pest Management in Oilseed Rape, Göttingen, 3. – 5. April 2006
  4. ↑ B. Ulber, R. Wedemeyer: Responses of Trichomalus microgaster and Trichomalus obscurator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) to volatile 2-phenyl-isothiocyanate. Proceedings of the Symposium on Integrated Pest Management in Oilseed Rape, Göttingen, 3. – 5. April 2006

literature

  • David V. Alford: Biocontrol of Oilseed Rape Pests. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-632-05427-1