Carl Gravenhorst (zoologist)
Johann Ludwig Christian Carl Gravenhorst (born November 14, 1777 in Braunschweig , † January 14, 1857 in Breslau ) was a German zoologist and university professor .
life and work
As the son of a wealthy Braunschweig beer and vinegar brewer, he inherited his father's fortune at an early age, which relieved him of all financial worries for the rest of his life.
While attending school at the Katharineum and the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig, Gravenhorst met Johann Christian Ludwig Hellwig and August Wilhelm Knoch , who were able to inspire him for biology at an early age.
From 1797 he first studied law at the University of Helmstedt , but then changed the subject in 1799 and from then on studied natural sciences with Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . In 1801 Gravenhorst received his doctorate in Helmstedt with a thesis on entomology . In 1804 he qualified as a professor in Göttingen for natural history and zoology. In 1808 he was appointed associate professor .
In 1810 he went to the Brandenburg University of Frankfurt as full professor of natural history . When it was moved from Frankfurt (Oder) to Breslau in 1811 after the Treaty of Tilsit , he also moved to the capital of the province of Silesia . By donating his important private collection to the Silesian Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in 1814, he founded the Zoological Museum in Breslau . In 1828/29 he was rector of the university. In 1818 Gravenhorst was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
In Göttingen time he dealt with short-winged species (Staphylinidae), in Breslau with parasitic wasps (Ichneumonidae). Gravenhorst became known as a descriptive systematist . He is the first to describe almost 900 animal species, such as the Sardinian mountain newt . The abbreviation for his name in the quote from the author is " Gravenhorst ".
Fonts (selection)
- Dissertatio sistens conspectvm historiae entomologiae imprimis systematvm entomologieorvm. (= Dissertation, University of Helmstedt). CG Fleckeisen, Helmstedt 1801, OCLC 71028239 .
- Coleoptera microptera Brunsvicensia. Reichard, Braunschweig 1802, OCLC 256348822 ( online ).
- Monographia Coleopterorum Micropterorum. Heinrich Dietrich, Göttingen 1806, OCLC 717268542 .
- Comparative overview of Linneischen and some new zoological systems. Göttingen 1807, OCLC 191986515 .
literature
- Kraig Adler: Contributions to the History of Herpetology. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 1989.
- Julius Victor Carus : Gravenhorst, Johann Ludwig Christian Carl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 616.
- Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (Ed.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Supplementary volume. Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1996, ISBN 3-926701-30-7 .
- Georg Uschmann : Gravenhorst, Johann Ludwig Christian Carl. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 12 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- Johann Ludwig Christian Carl Gravenhorst on worldcat.org (list of publications)
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gravenhorst, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gravenhorst, Johann Ludwig Christian Carl (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German zoologist and natural scientist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 14, 1777 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Braunschweig |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 14, 1857 |
| Place of death | Wroclaw |