Theodor Michaltscheff

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Theodor Michaltscheff (usual German spelling; Bulgarian: Теодор Михалчев, correct transcription Teodor Michaltschew , transliteration: Teodor Mihalčev ; actually Teodor Baklarov ; born April 20, 1899 in Gabarewo ( Bulgaria ); † April 29, 1968 in Sofia ) was an activist of the International the war opponent .

resume

Michaltscheff studied education in Bulgaria and refused military service in 1920. He was committed to nonviolence and pacifism .

Reading by Han Ryner , Andreas Latzko , Percy Shelley , Peter Kropotkin and William Godwin consolidated Michaltscheff's anarchist ideas.

He was jailed for conscientious objection. In 1924 he was able to flee from the dictatorship in Bulgaria and emigrated to France. 1926 - 1929 he stayed in England and lived mostly in the rural commune "White Way" and got first contacts to War Resisters' International (WRI). From 1929 he lived in Hamburg. He had given up his family name during the escape and named himself after his father (Michael) Michaltscheff.

In 1937 he received his doctorate on the English philosopher and anarchist William Godwin . He survived the time of National Socialism with painting and as an interpreter.

In 1945 he got back in touch with War Resisters International (WRI). Michaltscheff was a founding member of the first post-war section of WRI in Germany, the International of Opponents of War (IDK). From 1947 to 1955 and 1958/59 he was chairman of the IDK and general secretary from 1956 to 1966. From 1948 to 1966 he published Die Friedensrundschau for the IDK .

job

Theodor Michaltscheff was a representative of fundamental nonviolence. Nonviolent action was decisive. He was a vegetarian, non-smoker, and non-alcoholic. Michaltscheff represented a neutral peace policy against the “power struggle between East and West” (Cold War). “... he did not deny his anarchist origins. Attentive and critical readers of his fundamental statements on 'politics' could come across the libertarian Michaltscheff. "

literature

  • Theodor Michaltscheff: Changes and contradictions in the philosophy of Godwin . Dissertation to obtain a doctorate at the Philosophical Faculty of the Hanseatic University of Hamburg, Evert, Hamburg 1937, DNB 570591252 (Philosophical dissertation University of Hamburg 1937, 50 pages, 8).
  • Active archive (ed.): 20 years of the Friedensrundschau - 20 years of the International of War Resisters (1947–1966) , personal memories of Theodor Michaltscheff. Hamburg undated ISBN 3-9805270-0-X
  • Theodor Michaltscheff: The Indestructible Opposition - History of the West German Peace Movement 1945-1960 , edited from the estate and edited by Stefan Appelius , Library and Information System of the University of Oldenburg 1994, ISBN 3-8142-0477-8
  • Hans Jürgen Degen: The return of the anarchists - Anarchist attempts 1945-1970 , Edition AV , Lich / Hessen 2009, ISBN 978-3-86841-015-0 .
  • The indestructible opposition - history of the West German peace movement 1945–1960 , as PDF reading .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Theodor Michaltscheff: Changes and contradictions in the philosophy of Godwin . Dissertation to obtain a doctorate at the Philosophical Faculty of the Hanseatic University of Hamburg, Hamburg 1937
  2. ↑ Hans Jürgen Degen: The Return of the Anarchists - Anarchist Attempts 1945-1970 , Verlag Edition AV. Lich / Hessen 2009, p. 367, ISBN 978-3-86841-015-0
personal data
SURNAME Michaltscheff, Theodor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Michaltschew, Teodor; Mihalčev, Teodor; Baklarov, Teodor (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bulgarian activist of the Anti-War International
DATE OF BIRTH April 20, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Gabarevo ( Bulgaria )
DATE OF DEATH April 29, 1968
Place of death Sofia