Theodoros (son of Seleucus)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Theodoros ( Greek  Θεόδωρος ), son of Seleukos and Artemo I, was a governor on Cyprus and naval commander of the Hellenistic Ptolemaic dynasty in the 2nd century BC. Chr.

He is named after his maternal grandfather, his mother officiated in 177/176 BC. In the priestly office of the "basket bearer" (kanephoros) of the "sibling goddess " / Arsinoë II in Alexandria . His year of birth dates before 143 BC. BC, because a statue of officers of the Ptolemaic garrison on Cyprus was erected for him that year. His father was the governor on the island at that time, who between 131 and 124 BC. Chr. Krokos in office followed.

After the end of the Ptolemaic Civil War, Theodoros was finally taken over by King Ptolemy VIII in 124 BC. Used as governor on Cyprus (strategos) and as naval commander ( nauarchos ) . In these offices he was appointed several times between the years 124 and 118 BC. Dated dedicatory inscriptions on statues that were donated to him by Cypriot dignitaries and members of Ptolemaic troops. In the first inscription he is called strategos autokrator with the extended title , which indicates the extraordinary powers of this office, which he had taken over from his predecessor Krokos and which resulted from the civil war between Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra II . In all other inscriptions the addition of the autocrator is omitted , as these powers were withdrawn from office by Ptolemy VIII after the end of the civil war.

In older research it was assumed that Theodoros 118 BC. Until his name on a for the year 105/104 BC died. Papyrus dated BC appeared in which he was the priest of the "benevolent and mother-loving goddess" / Cleopatra III. for life and as head of the Alexandria Municipality (exēgētés) . In the priesthood he succeeded Helenos , who in turn succeeded him as governor of Cyprus.

Theodoros was married to his niece Olympias, with whom he had a son and three daughters, all of whom held priestly offices:

  • Demetrios, 107/106 and 105/104 BC Chr. Priest ("hallowed foal" / hieros pōlos ) of Cleopatra III.
  • Polykrateia, 116/115 and 107/106 BC Chr. Priestess ("prizewinner" / athlophoros ) of the "benefactor goddess " / Berenike II.
  • Artemo III./Ariadne, 116/115 BC Chr. Priestess ("wreath wearer" / stephanēphoros ) of Cleopatra III.
  • Theodoris, 116/115 BC Chr. Priestess ("light bearer" / phōsphoros ) of Cleopatra III.

literature

  • Willy Clarysse, E. van 't Dack: Prosopographia Ptolemaica III: Le clergé, le notariat, les tribunaux, no. 4984-8040 (PP III) In: Studia Hellensitica. Vol. 11 (1956).
  • Willy Clarysse: Prosopographia Ptolemaica IX: Addenda et Corrigenda au volume III. (PP III / IX) In: Studia Hellenistica. Vol. 25 (1981).
  • TB Mitford: Seleucus and Theodorus , In: Opuscula Atheniensia , Vol. 1 (1953), pp. 130-171.
  • TB Mitford: The Hellenistic Inscriptions of Old Paphos. In: The Annual of the British School at Athens , Vol. 56 (1961), pp. 1-41.
  • L. Koenen: Cleopatra III. as a priestess of the Alexander cult (P. Colon. inv. nr. 5063) , In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , Vol. 5 (1970), pp. 61–84.
  • Roger S. Bagnall: The Administration of the Ptolemaic possessions outside Egypt , In: Columbia Studies in the Classical Tradition, Vol. 4 (1976), pp. 259-260.

Remarks

  1. ↑ British Museum EA 10518. PP III / IX 5038.
  2. ↑ Mitford (1961), p. 26, no. 69 .
  3. ↑ Mitford (1961), pp. 29-30, no. 78 . A statue donated by the Polis Salamis . The dedicatory inscription is in the Epigraphic Museum of Athens (KM 52).
  4. ↑ Mitford (1961), pp. 30–31, No. 79 and 81 . Two statues, donated by the Koinon (regiment of troops) of the Lycians.
  5. ↑ Mitford (1961), p. 31, no. 83 . A statue donated by the Cilician koinon .
  6. ↑ Mitford (1961), pp. 31-32, no. 84 . A statue donated by koinon the Ionians.
  7. ↑ Mitford (1961), p. 32, No. 85 and 86 . Two statues, donated by Helenos of Cyrene, a member of the governor's court and later acting governor himself.
  8. ↑ P. Koeln. 2, 81 .
  9. ↑ Miltford (1961), pp. 30-31, No. 80 and 82 . Olympias and one of the daughters were each donated a statue in Cyprus. The dedicatory inscriptions are in the Epigraphic Museum of Athens (KM 67 and 70).
  10. ↑ PP III 5086 = 5346a.
  11. ↑ PP III 5228.
  12. ↑ PP III 5014.
  13. ↑ PP III 5144.
personal data
SURNAME Theodoros
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Θεόδωρος
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Governor of the Ptolemies of Cyprus and naval commander
DATE OF BIRTH 2nd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 2nd century BC Chr.