Tjonger group

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Device industry of penknives

The Tjonger Group (10000–8700 BC) is named after the Tjonger River in the Netherlands , which flows into the IJsselmeer and is one of the three-fold penknife groups .

The Tjonger group is widespread in northern Belgium and the southern Netherlands ( linked to the English Creswellien ), the "Rissen group" in northwest Germany and in the northern Netherlands and the "Wehlener group" from southern Schleswig to northeast Lower Saxony. In Scandinavia the simultaneous appearance is called Bromme culture . The Tjonger group later advanced northward to Jutland and western Sweden.

It is a stone industry that follows Magdalenian and is characterized by knives with a bent back, trapezoidal knives, prongs and circular discs.

literature

  • Gerhard Bosinski : The great time of the ice age hunters. Europe between 40,000 and 10,000 BC Chr. Yearbook of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum Mainz, Vol 34, Mainz, 1987, pp 13-139.
  • Michael Baales : The late Paleolithic site Kettig. Investigations into the settlement archeology of the Federmesser groups on the Middle Rhine. Monographs of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum Mainz, Volume 51, Mainz 2002.
  • Frank Gelhausen: Settlement patterns of all-time penknife groups in Niederbieber, Neuwied town. Monographs of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum Mainz, Volume 90, Mainz 2011.