Tory

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A Tory ( English [tɔːri] , most Tories , most German and Tories ) is a supporter of conservatism in the United Kingdom with a positive attitude to the British monarchy . Originally these were the opponent of the liberal Whigs in the UK which differs from a loose grouping ( Court Party to German court party ) to the so-called Tory Party developed.

History of the Original Tories

The terms Tory and Whig came up in 1679 when the future King James II was to be excluded from the line of succession by the Exclusion Bill because he was a Catholic. In contrast to the Whigs, the Tories did not want exclusion from the line of succession, with which they also represented the opinion of the then King Charles II . As a result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688/89, the Tories came closer to the Whigs, so that they now also aspired to a more moderate, constitutional monarchy . Under Queen Anne , the Tories increasingly advocated the Anglican Church . Since they decided against the future King George I on the question of the successor to Anne , the Tories lost influence over the Whigs. Both parties eventually ceased to exist as a separate group. A new Tory Party, headed by William Pitt the Younger , was formed in 1783.

Other uses of the term

Today, the members of the Conservative Party of the British Parliament or their supporters and sympathizers Tories are mentioned above all . The Conservatives in Canada are also commonly referred to as "Tories", today mainly the supporters of the Conservative Party . Before and during the American War of Independence , the supporters of the monarchy and the King of England in the North American colonies were known as "Tories" or as loyalists .

Word origin

The exact origin of the word is not completely clear, but in some places it can be read that the name is a blurring of the Irish call: "Tar a rí" , which means "Come, O King"; this was the battle cry of the supporters ("cavaliers") of King Charles I of England in the English Civil War . Scientific sources derive the word from the Middle Irish word tóraidhe , neuirisch TORAI - " Outlaw ", "cops" from the Irish Toir , "persecution" ago that outlaws "pursued were Men". A Tory was originally an Irish peasant dispossessed by English settlers in the 17th century , who then roamed around and robbed. The term denoted disenfranchised losers who in turn no longer respected rights.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Article in the Encyclopaedia Britannica on Whigs and Tories
  2. So with effect on the German-speaking area Georg Quabbe , Tar a Ri. Variations on a conservative theme , Berlin 1927.
  3. ^ Entry "Tory" from Webster's New World Dictionary & Thesaurus , version 2.0 for PC, 1998; Entry "Tory" from Answers.com online dictionary.
  4. Tory . In: Oxford English Dictionary . Retrieved June 20, 2014.