Transect
A transect is a set of measurement or observation points along a straight line. Transects are methodically used in scientific disciplines that establish a spatial reference to the examined object. Above all, transects are used in field studies ( mapping ) in ecology ( botany and zoology ), as well as in geology and geoecology .
methodology
A transect can be chosen according to different standards. As a rule, a transect is linear. Measurement or observation points are set on it. The advantage of transect mapping is its repeatability and standardization, even in difficult terrain.
Transect mapping is often used as an alternative to more complex raster mapping .
Transects can be from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers long. You can use z. B. measured by GPS or escape poles and marked with markings (e.g. cords, sticks) for better retrieval.
zoology
Transect studies are recommended for species that are loyal to the location or that have a small radius of action (insects, amphibians, reptiles).
In the case of butterflies , a field study along a transect e.g. B. run every 50 m as follows: A transect is paced at a slow and steady pace and all butterflies are registered that can be seen up to about 2.5 m to the right and left of the path and 5 m in front of and above. The examination is carried out in a uniform period of time (e.g. for 50 m you take about 5 minutes).
In ornithology , brood monitoring is often used for mapping along a transect. When mapping the territory (e.g. the skylark ) one often proceeds along a transect. When monitoring German breeding birds in the normal landscape by the DDA and for the Atlas of German breeding bird species (ADEBAR) , transects are used for standardized recording.