Separation passage

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In analytical chemistry, a separation process is understood to be a methodological regulation in which an unknown solution is separated into individual groups of substances with the aid of selective reagents .

The separation into individual groups of substances is achieved by selective conversion into poorly soluble precipitates , which can then be separated off by filtration . The excess solution is checked for the next group. The groups thus obtained, which are named after their precipitation reagents, are then processed further until conclusions can be made about the qualitative composition of the sample with the help of specific detection reactions . The beginnings and development of such separation paths go back to ancient times.

Separation walks

Cation separation pathway

The “ Classical Separation Walk ” was proposed in 1841 by Carl Remigius Fresenius .

H 2 S gear

The H 2 S gear was proposed in 1980 by Duncan Burns, Alan Townshend and Arthur Catchpole and builds on the classic separation gear .

Both separation processes have in common that prior to the beginning of the cation separation - possibly interfering - anions have to be determined and, if necessary, removed.

Stas-Otto separation gang

The Stas-Otto separation passage was first described by Jean Servais Stas around 1850 and reworked into a more applicable form by Friedrich Julius Otto .

literature

  • Gerhard Jander , E. Blasius: Introduction to the inorganic-chemical internship . S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 2005 (15th edition), ISBN 3-7776-1364-9
  • Udo R. Kunze, Georg Schwedt : Basics of the qualitative and quantitative analysis , 5th revised edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002 ISBN 3-527-30858-X
  • Bertram Schmidkonz: Practical course in inorganic analysis . Verlag Harri Deutsch, Frankfurt 2002, ISBN 3-8171-1671-3
  • Michael Wächter: Substances, particles, reactions . Verlag Handwerk und Technik, Hamburg 2000, pp. 154–169 ISBN 3-582-01235-2