Upstart
| Upstart
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| Basic data
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| Maintainer | James Hunt, Canonical Ltd. |
| developer | Scott Remnant, formerly Canonical Ltd. |
| Current version | 1.13.2 (September 4, 2014) |
| operating system | Linux |
| programming language | C. |
| category | software |
| License | GPL ( Free Software ) |
| German speaking | Yes |
| upstart.ubuntu.com | |
Upstart is a background program ( daemon ) for Linux systems that is used as an init process as the first process ( Process ID 1) to start, monitor and terminate further processes. It is an event-oriented replacement for the System V init used in many Unix systems , the SysVinit . It was originally developed by Canonical for Ubuntu , from which it was abandoned in 2014. It has not been further developed since then.
particularities
Upstart is based on SysVinit, with which it is also fully downward compatible , and can therefore also execute SysVinit scripts unchanged.
Upstart is supposed to fix the problems of SysVinit regarding speed, changing hardware and restarting processes.
To achieve this, Upstart is event driven. When an event occurs, such as inserting a USB stick , the necessary jobs are started to provide the desired function. Upstart allows the simultaneous execution of jobs of independent events. This accelerates the start of the system and also enables easier handling of exchangeable hardware.
history
Upstart was introduced by the Ubuntu developers. It was developed by Scott James Remnant using code from SysVinit before joining Canonical Ltd. left. Canonical developer James Hunt then took care of the project.
From version 6.10 Edgy Eft of Ubuntu it can be used as a replacement for the old init process installed by default, but only works there in compatibility mode with System V. Since Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon , Upstart can show its strengths by making changes to the relevant shell scripts .
The Fedora project also replaced SysVinit (from version 9) with Upstart, but from version 15 it uses systemd . As a result, version 6 of Red Hat Enterprise Linux also included Upstart as the init system. openSUSE offered Upstart from version 11.3 as an optional init system, but with version 12.1 it also switched to systemd. In later versions, Upstart should also replace cron , at , or anacron daemons.
On February 12, 2014, the Debian technical committee also decided to switch to systemd in the future. This made Ubuntu the last major distribution that Upstart used. On February 14th, Mark Shuttleworth announced in a blog entry that Ubuntu would also follow this step. The further development of Upstart has been frozen since then.
Web links
- Official Upstart project page at Ubuntu.com (English)
- Boot faster with Upstart - article on heise open (2009)
- How Upstart Boot Ubuntu-Based Systems - Article in Admin Magazine (2012)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Features / Upstart. In: Fedora Project Wiki. (English).
- ↑ https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/6/html/migration_planning_guide/sect-networking-upstart
- ↑ openSUSE 11.3. Under the hood. Retrieved April 20, 2011 .
- ↑ Ferdinand Thommes: Technical Committee selects Systemd for Debian's new init system. In: pro-linux.de. Baader & Lindner GbR., February 12, 2014, accessed on February 18, 2014 .
- ↑ Mark Shuttleworth: Losing graciously. In: Mark Shuttleworth's blog. February 14, 2014, accessed February 18, 2014 .