Pure spelled
UrDinkel is a common brand in Switzerland for spelled from specified cultivation. It guarantees the exclusive use of old Swiss spelled varieties that have not been crossed with modern wheat .
The logo and the name UrDinkel were brought into being in 1996 by the Swiss Association of Interest (IG) Dinkel and registered as a trademark. The binding specification for original spelled regulates the cultivation, processing and declaration. Original spelled is grown in accordance with the guidelines of the marketing associations IP-SUISSE (integrated agriculture) and Bio Suisse (organic agriculture), and exclusively in traditional Swiss growing areas. The oval logo, which is printed on the packaging or attached as an edible wafer to original spelled bread, serves as a distinguishing feature.
background
At the beginning of the 20th century, the cultivated spelled area in Switzerland averaged 16,000 hectares per year. By 1993 this area decreased continuously to 1000 hectares. The reasons for this were the mechanization of agriculture and the growing cultivation of wheat. Most of the remaining spelled consisted of crosses with wheat, as this was the only way to keep the yield more or less equal to that of wheat.
In order to save and expand the cultivation of spelled in Switzerland, the IG Dinkel was founded on March 8, 1995 by farmers and millers . She has u. a. to promote the cultivation of spelled from traditional areas, to offer a wide range of spelled products and to participate in breeding.
In 2019 around 2360 farmers and millers are members of IG Dinkel. The managing director, Thomas Kurth, quantified the sowing in 2017/2018 as 3020 hectares of IP-Suisse original spelled (+ 6%) and 340 hectares of Bio Suisse original spelled (+ 18%).
Guidelines
In order for the UrDinkel brand to be used as a name for a product, the specifications for UrDinkel must be adhered to. This essentially comprises the following four points:
- Only old Swiss spelled varieties that have not been crossed with wheat may be used.
- The cultivation takes place exclusively according to the guidelines IP-SUISSE or Bio Suisse.
- The farms that produce original spelled are located in traditional growing areas.
- Pure spelled products may only contain traces of foreign grain.
The federally recognized inspection body ProCert checks compliance with the specifications in all production and processing plants of UrDinkel. Certified original spelled products therefore, in addition to the original spelled brand, also bear the reference to certification by ProCert.
Old varieties
Only old Swiss spelled varieties that have not been crossed with wheat are permitted for original spelled. Since 1996, this includes the two varieties Oberkulmer Rotkorn and Ostro. They are characterized by their extremely long stalks. This affects their stability. In the breeding of modern spelled varieties, the stalks were shortened by crossing them with wheat in order to enable denser crops and higher yields. Almost no organic or mineral fertilizers can be used when cultivating original spelled, otherwise the stalks will break before flowering. The yield potential per area is therefore lower than with spelled-wheat crosses.
Characteristic for the old, long-stemmed varieties Ostro and Oberkulmer Rotkorn are a lot of gluten protein, as well as soft, elastic but inelastic dough. In contrast to modern wheat and spelled varieties, which were bred for a high dough stability, original spelled varieties have the original protein composition (ratio of glutenin to gliadin ). By gel electrophoresis shows that Ostro and Oberkulmer Rotkorn do not have the typical wheat top ω-gliadin band. Ur-spelled doughs tend to spread, which is why they require a special instinct for processing and special recipes (e.g. with broth ).
Production method
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The specifications for original spelled only allow cultivation on IP-SUISSE or Bio Suisse-approved farms. These two label programs prohibit the use of growth regulators as well as chemical-synthetic fungicides and insecticides . Spelled products marked with the Käfer, the IP-SUISSE logo, always contain certified original spelled.
Organic products with the Bio Suisse bud logo can consist of both original spelled and spelled varieties that have been crossed with wheat. The UrDinkel brand on the packaging or directly on the product is used to clearly identify a pure organic quality spelled product.
Traditional growing areas
Cultivation contracts for original spelled are only concluded with producers who are located in an traditional cultivation area. An ancestral growing area is defined in the specifications for original spelled as an area that is:
a) is a maximum of 30 kilometers away from a reference roller mill (also called peeling mill ) recognized by the Federal Office for Agriculture in 1995 . b) is a maximum of 30 kilometers away from a replacement waste collection point approved in accordance with the supplementary regulations of IG Dinkel.
With this addition, short transport routes from the field to the mill are aimed for, regional processing and the associated maintenance of added value in rural regions are pursued. The UrDinkel brand offers protection of origin based on the model of an AOC brand, but is protected under private law.
declaration
The greatest possible purity is sought for original spelled products. A 100% purity guarantee cannot be implemented in the value chain. Therefore a proportion of 0.9% foreign grain is allowed as a tolerance value. The addition of wheat gluten is prohibited.
Nutritional values
White, wholemeal and wholemeal flours made from original spelled have the following nutritional values (nutritional content per 100 g of edible portion):
| Pure spelled white flour (type 550) |
UrDinkel Ruchmehl (Type 1 100) |
Pure spelled wholemeal flour (type 1 900) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy in kJ / 100 g | 1 480 | 1 470 | 1,460 |
| Carbohydrates, total, in g / 100 g | 69 | 65.0 | 60 |
| Dietary fiber in g / 100 g | 2.8 | 5.7 | 9.4 |
| Fat in g / 100 g | 1.5 | 2.2 | 2.7 |
| Protein in g / 100 g | 13.3 | 14.3 | 15.6 |
| Water in g / 100 g | 13.1 | 12.7 | 12.4 |
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Website IP-SUISSE Further Grains (last visited on June 5, 2019)
- ^ Brugger, Hans: Statistisches Handbuch der Landwirtschaft , Bern 1968, pp. 102-103.
- ↑ IG Dinkel: The grain of our ancestors is alive: Anniversary publication 10 years IG Dinkel. IG Dinkel, 2005
- ^ Statutes of the Dinkel Interest Group from March 8, 1995 (from March 23, 2012; PDF; 46 kB)
- ↑ IG Dinkel continues to grow and launches new campaign In: bauernzeitung.ch, March 18, 2018, accessed on March 18, 2018.
- ↑ Specifications for UrDinkel of the Dinkel Interest Group. (Version 2014 I from March 18, 2014; PDF; 185 kB)
- ↑ ProCert food industry (last visited on June 5, 2019)
- ↑ Thomas Miedaner, Friedrich Longin: Underestimated types of grain. Einkorn, Emmer, Dinkel & Co. Publisher: Agrimedia, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86263-079-0
- ↑ Differentiation between spelled and wheat using gel electrophoresis , Kornelia Becker, Markus Buchmann, Peter Kunz (last visited on June 5, 2019)
- ↑ Replacement roll collection points, supplement to the specifications for original spelled (Version 2016 I from May 27, 2016; PDF; 67 kB)
- ↑ Third-party grain, baking agents / additives & sprinklers, supplement to the specifications for original spelled (Version 2016-1 of May 27, 2016; PDF; 64 kB)
- ↑ Swiss nutritional value database of the Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO. Search for "spelled", nutritional values are based on analyzes by Interlabor Belp (2010), source numbers 1004, 1005, 1006 (last visited on June 6, 2019)