Vena cava compression syndrome
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| O26.5 | Maternal hypotension syndrome |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The vena cava compression syndrome , also hypotensive syndrome or cava syndrome , is a complication of pregnancy and describes a circulatory disorder of the mother due to pressure from the child in the uterus on the inferior vena cava ( inferior vena cava ) with an obstruction of the blood flow to the heart . It can also be triggered by masses in the abdomen or chest.
The compression syndrome of the vena cava occurs mainly towards the end of pregnancy (if the child is of the appropriate weight), when the mother is supine for a long time. When the child presses the vena cava behind the uterus , the venous return flow to the heart is impeded; Circulatory problems ( drop in blood pressure , dizziness , palpitations ) up to shock and unconsciousness occur .
In extreme cases, this disease can be life-threatening for mother and child or, due to insufficient supply of the child, trigger premature birth , but can usually be remedied within a few minutes by suitable positioning of the pregnant woman. In order to relieve the inferior vena cava, the pregnant woman should be placed on her side, whereby due to the position of the vein lying on her left side is preferred. As a preventive measure, it is advisable to avoid lying on your back for long periods of time.
Such a syndrome can also be triggered by other processes. Very rarely does it happen B. as part of an abdominal compartment to displace the vena cava. The method of choice here would be surgical relief.
The vena cava compression syndrome with the syndrome of the superior congestion ( vena cava superior syndrome ) can also be the result of an advanced bronchial carcinoma, whereby a narrowing (stenosis) of the superior vena cava is present. In such an (oncological) emergency, the implantation of a (self-expanding) vascular stent (Gianturco-Z-Stent or Wallstent) via a femoral vein or jugular vein can eliminate the stenosis. In the case of palliative patients in the end stage of such a tumor disease, a rapid improvement of the condition can thus be achieved in most cases.
literature
- Manfred Stauber, Thomas Weyerstahl (Ed.): Gynecology and Obstetrics (Dual Series). 2nd edition Thieme, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-13-125342-2 (+ 1 CD-ROM).
Individual evidence
- ^ Roman Fischbach: Interventional regional tumor therapy. In: Eberhard Aulbert, Friedemann Nauck, Lukas Radbruch (eds.): Textbook of palliative medicine. 3rd, updated edition. Schattauer, Stuttgart 2012, ISBN 978-3-7945-2666-6 , pp. 664-680, here: pp. 671 f.
