Constitution of Argentina
The constitution of Argentina was passed on May 1, 1853 by the Constituent Assembly of Argentina . It was changed in 1860, 1866, 1898, 1949 and 1957; the current version is dated August 22, 1994. There were already 1819 and 1826 constitutions.
The main body of the executive is the President of the Nation ("Presidente de la Nación Argentina", "Poder Ejecutivo Nacional"). The legislature , the Congreso , consists of two chambers.
president
The President is head of state and head of government in person and has a strong position, including the ability to govern by decree . He is elected directly in two ballots every four years (until 1995: every six years) together with the Vice-President, who replaces him in absentia. In order to win in the first round, the victorious candidate must reach 45 or more percent of the valid votes or, if the value is between 40 and 45%, ten percentage points ahead of the runner-up, in all other cases there is a runoff . If one of the two most successful candidates does not participate in the runoff election in the first round (most recently in 2003), the other candidate is considered the winner; in this case, the third-placed will not move up.
A presidency is possible for a maximum of two consecutive terms; a new candidacy after a break of four years is permitted. Among other things, the president must be an Argentine citizen and until the reform in 1994 had to belong to the Roman Catholic faith.
legislative branch
The legislature , the Congreso , consists of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate .
The number of members of the Chamber of Deputies is determined by proportional representation and is distributed over the provinces according to a certain key. The MPs are elected for four years, with half of the MPs every two years.
The number of senators is three for each province and three for the autonomous city of Buenos Aires . In contrast to the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate is elected according to a special case of majority voting; The party with the most votes receives two senatorial seats, and the party with the second most votes receives one seat. The senators are elected for a period of six years, with a third of the senators elected every two years.
literature
Richard Napp: The Argentine Republic , Buenos Aires 1876, pp. 361–383 (constitutional text from 1860), online
See also
Web links
- Constitutional text (Spanish)
- Constitutional text (German)